Antimikrobno delovanje biohemijskih supstanci na patogene šampinjona u Srbiji

  • Ivana S Potočnik Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
  • Biljana Todorović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
  • Rada Đurović-Pejčev Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
  • Miloš Stepanović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
  • Emil Rekanović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
  • Svetlana Milijašević-Marčić Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
Ključne reči: Mushrooms||, ||Pečurke, Pathogens||, ||Patogeni, Essential oils||, ||Etarska ulja, Biopesticides||, ||Biopesticidi, Serbia||, ||Srbija,

Sažetak


Početkom 21. veka, proizvođači šampinjona su suočeni sa pojavom bolesti koje nanose
velike štete. S druge strane, mali je broj raspoloživih fungicida koji imaju odobrenje za primenu u zaštiti gajenih gljiva od bolesti. Usled razvoja rezistentnosti patogenih bakterija i gljiva na antibiotike i fungicide, neophodno je uvođenje alternativnih sredstava zaštite. Istraživanja su pokazala da različita biljna ulja i njihove komponente ispoljavaju jako antimikrobno dejstvo na patogene šampinjona. Etarska ulja origana, majčine dušice i bosiljka su pokazala najjaču i najširu aktivnost za patogene izolovane iz gajilišta šampinjona u Srbiji. Pet etarskih ulja je inhibiralo rast patogene bakterije Pseudomonas tolaasii: zimzelena, origana, limunske trave, ruzmarina i eukaliptusa. Ulja origana, geranijuma i majčine dušice su ispoljili najveću toksičnost za patogene gljive Mycogone perniciosa, Lecanicillium fungicola i Cladobotryum spp. Ulje bosiljka je imalo inhibitorno, a nane letalno dejstvo za Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum. Ulja kleke i bora nisu ispoljila ni inhibitorno ni fungicidno dejstvo na patogene šampinjona. Iako fungitoksična aktivnost etarskih ulja nije jaka, ona mogu biti primenjena kao dodatak u zaštiti od bolesti, kako bi se umanjila količina primene hemijskih preparata.

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2016/06/24
Kako citirati
Potočnik, I. S., Todorović, B., Đurović-Pejčev, R., Stepanović, M., Rekanović, E., & Milijašević-Marčić, S. (2016). Antimikrobno delovanje biohemijskih supstanci na patogene šampinjona u Srbiji. Pesticides and Phytomedicine / Pesticidi I Fitomedicina, 31(1-2). преузето од https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/pif/article/view/10903
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Vol. 31 Br. 1-2 (2016): Pesticidi i fitomedicina
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