Microbial activity in different soils in response to metribuzin treatment

Ljiljana Šantrić; Ljiljana Radivojević; Marija Sarić Krsmanović; Jelena Gajić Umiljendić; Rada Đurović-Pejčev

Ljiljana Šantrić Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, Beograd
Ljiljana Radivojević Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, Beograd
Marija Sarić Krsmanović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, Beograd
Jelena Gajić Umiljendić Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, Beograd
Rada Đurović-Pejčev Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, Beograd

Ključne reči: herbicides||, ||herbicidi, metribuzin||, ||metribuzin, residues||, ||ostaci, soil microorganisms||, ||zemljišni mikroorganizmi, dehydrogenase||, ||dehidrogenaza,

Sažetak

Uticaj metribuzina na zemljišne mikroorganizme, njihovu enzimatsku aktivnost kao i nivo ostataka ovog herbicida u velikoj meri zavisi od tipa zemljišta i njihovih fizičko-hemijskih karakteristika. Postavljen je laboratorijski ogled da bi se utvrdio uticaj metribuzina na različie grupe mikroorganizama i dehidrogenaznu aktivnost u ilovači i peskuši. Takođe je određen nivo ostatka metribuzina u ovim zemljištima. Ispitivane su sledeće koncentracije. 12,0, 24,0; 120,0 i 1200,0 mg a.s. kg-1zemljišta. Uzorci su uzeti 3,7, 14,30 i 45 dana nakon primene metribuzina. Uticaj metribuzina na ukupan broj bakterija je bio inibitornog karaktera kod oba tipa zemljišta, i kretao se od 6,9% za ilovaču do 7,9% za peskušu. Aktinomicete su u prvih četrnaest dana nakon primene metribuzina imale smanjenu brojnost za 15,6% u ilovači i 8,1 u peskuši. Međutim, od tridesetog dana broj se povećao ili bio na nivou kontrole. Broj gljiva u ilovači je bio povećan za 6,0% sedam dana nakon primene dve najveće koncentracije. U peskuši je brojnost ove grupe bila značajno smanjena za 29%. Primena metribuzina je značajno smanjila aktivnost enzima dehidrogenaza kod oba zemljišta. Jedino je najveća koncentracija u peskuši ispoljila stimulativan efekat (33,2 %). Rezultati degradacije su pokazali da su izmerene količine
metribuzina opale sa vremenom kod oba tipa zemljišta i pri primeni sve četiri koncentracije. Može se zaključiti da je ekstrahovana količina aktivne materije metribuzina za sve primenjene koncentracije veća za zemljište tipa peskuša. Ovo ukazuje da je zbog većeg sadržaj organske mase i gline, zemljište tipa ilovače ispoljilo bolje sorpcione sposobnosti.

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Mikrobiološka aktivnost u različitim tipovima zemljišta kao reakcija na primenu metribuzina

Sažetak

Reference