Termodinamička karakterizacija ranih efekata fitotoksičnosti sulfonilurea herbicida za linije kukuruza
Abstract
Variranja osetljivosti linija kukuruza na herbicide zavise od različitih faktora. Prvi znaci fitotoksičnosti, odnosno tolerantnosti na neke herbicide mogu biti prisutni već tokom prvih dana nakon primene herbicida, dok još nisu ispoljeni vidljivi znaci. Cilj rada je bio da se ispita osetljivost 16 ZP linija kukuruza na nikosulfuron i foramsulfuron, 48 sati nakon njihove primene tokom 2006-2009. godine. Analizirane su promene sadržaja suve materije, kao i termodinamičkih parametara tj. slobodne energije i entalpije. Ispitivani parametri su pokazali da sezona ima značajan uticaj na ispoljavanje fitotoksičnosti. Visoke EWRC vrednosti su dobijene paralelno sa visokim vrednostima slobodne energije i suve materije tokom hladne sezone sa nižim nivoom padavina u period nakon primene herbicida. Fitotoksični efekti su kod osetljivih linija doveli do povećanja suve materije i slobodne energije. Fitotoksični efekti nikosulfurona i foramsulfurona su se suštinski drugačije ispoljili na energetske karakteristike sistema: efekti nikosulfurona bi mogli biti vezani za veću potrošnju energije, dok bi efekti foramsulfurona mogli biti vezani za povećanje energetskog potencijala, uglavnom preko metabolizma, što bi moglo da ukazuje na „metaboličku eksploziju“. Sa te tačke gledišta, ispitivani parametri bi mogli uspešno da se koriste kao indikatori stresa izazvanog herbicidima, neposredno nakon njihove primene.
References
Bónis, P., Árendás, T., Marton, C.L. and Berzsenyi, Z.: Herbicide tolerance of Martonvásár maize genotypes. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 54: 517-520, 2006.
Boyer, J.S.: Measurement of Water Status of Plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiol., 20: 351-364,1969.
Davies, D.D.: Bioenergetics. In: Intrmediary Metabolism in Plants, Cambridge Monographs In Experimental Biology, No. 11., T.A. Bennet-Clark, P.B.M.G. Salt, C.H. Waddington, V.B. Wigglesworth (Ed), Cambridge University Press., London, Great Britain: 35-52, 1961.
deCarvalho, S.J.P., Nicolai, M., Ferreira, R.R., de Figueira, O.A.V. and Christoffoleti, P.J.: Herbicide selectivity by differential metabolism: Considerations for reducing crop damages. Sciencia Agricola (Piracicaba, Braz), 66: 136-142, 2009.
Dragicevic, V. and Sredojevic, S.: Thermodynamics of Seed and Plant Growth. In: Thermodynamics - Systems in Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium. ed. Juan Carlos Moreno Piraján, INTECH, Rijeka, Croatia: 1-20, 2011.
Foy, C.L. and Witt, H.L.: Johnsongrass Control with DPX-V9360 and CGA-136 872 in Corn (Zea mays) in Virginia. Weed Sci., 4: 615-619, 1990.
Kikuchi, K., Koizumi, M., Ishida, N. and Kano, H.: Water Uptake by Dry Beans Observed by Micro-magnetic Resonance Imaging. Ann. Bot., 98: 545-553, 2006.
Manz, B., Müller, K., Kucera, B., Volke, F. and Leubner-Metzger, G.: Water uptake and distribution in germinating tobacco seeds investigated in vivo by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Plant Physiol., 138:1538–1551, 2005.
Neményi, M.: Thermodynamic modelling of agro-ecological systems especially regarding stress in plant production. Cereal Res. Comm., 37, Suppl. 1: 529-532, 2009.
Ostojić, Z., Flegar, Z. and Novak, D.: Višegodišnji rezultati istraživanja djelotvornosti sulfonilureja herbicida u kukuruzu. Zbornih predavanja in referata z 2. Slovenski posvet o varstvu rastilin. 177-193, 1995.
Sacala, E., Demcyuk, A. and Michalski ,T.: Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to rimsulfuron under salt conditions. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 72: 93-98, 2003.
Stefanović, L., Šinžar, B. and Stanojević, M.: Application of herbicides in maize seed crop (possibilities and limitations). Acta Herbologica, 9: 85-101, 2000.
Stefanović, L. and Simić, M.: Weed suppression in maize seed production – Effects of post-emergence herbicides. Acta Herbologica, 17: 57-65, 2008
Sun, W.Q.: Methods for the Study of Water Relations under Desiccation Stress, In: Desiccation and Survival in Plants: Drying Without Dying, Black M. & Pritchard H. W. (Ed.), CABI Publishing, New York, USA: 47-91, 2002
Weed Research Council Feldfersuche Manuel: Ciba-Geigy AD, Basel, Switzerland, 1975
Yeo, A.R. and Flowers, T.J.: The driving forces for water and solute movement. In: Plant Solute Transport, Yeo, A.R. & Flowers, T.J. (Ed.), pp. 29-46, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK, (2007).
Authors retain copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the non-exclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of reuse, and to distribute it in all forms and media.
The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA). It is allowed to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and remix, transform, and build upon it for any purpose, even commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, it is indicated if changes were made and the new work is distributed under the same license as the original.
Users are required to provide full bibliographic description of the original publication (authors, article title, journal title, volume, issue, pages), as well as its DOI code. In electronic publishing, users are also required to link the content with both the original article published in Pesticidi i fitomedicina (Pesticides and Phytomedicine) and the licence used.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.