Efekti zaštite organskih cerealija od štetnih insekata i glodara u podnom skladištu kombinovanom primenom klopki i lepljivih traka
Sažetak
U periodu leto 2019 – proleće 2020. godine je ispitana mogućnost zaštite organskih cerealija (ozime i jare pšenice, raži i kukuruza) od štetnih insekata i glodara u podnom skladištu bez upotrebe hemikalija, kombinovanom primenom klopki i lepljivih traka. Temperatura vazduha u skladištu je bila 14-29°C, a relativna vlažnost vazduha oko 50%. Prosečan sadržaj vode u zrnima svih organskih cerealija je tokom celog perioda skladištenja bio 10-11% u zrnima pšenice (ozime i jare) i raži, a 12-14% u zrnima kukuruza, a prosečna temperatura zrna 13-27°C. Od skladišnih insekata je primenom klopki (sa i bez feromona/atraktanata) i lepljivih traka zabeleženo prisustvo pet vrsta tvrdokrilaca, dve vrste leptira i jedne vrste prašnih vaši, a
dominantni su bili tvrdokrilci (98,5%) i sekundarne vrste štetnih insekata (94,0%). Od glodara je tokom celog perioda zabeleženo samo prisustvo jedinki vrste Mus musculus. Utvrđeno je da je kombinovana primena klopki, sa i bez feromona/atraktanata, i lepljivih traka - barijera, vrlo efikasna mera u hvatanju skladišnih insekata. Takođe, konstatovano je da su mehaničke klopke i lepljiva traka u kutijama za deratizaciju, zajedno sa lepljivom trakom - barijerom, vrlo efikasne u zaštiti cerealija od domaćeg miša. Postignut je i efekat “suzbijanja” štetočina, jer u uzetim uzorcima nije detektovano brojno prisustvo skladišnih insekata i nije utvrđeno značajnije oštećenje zrna organskih cerealija. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju veliki potencijal kombinovane primene klopki i lepljivih traka u zaštiti organskih cerealija u podnom skladištu, s tim da bi u slučaju dužeg perioda skladištenja bila neophodna primena hemikalija koje imaju dozvolu za primenu u organskoj proizvodnji hrane.
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