Faktori rizika i komorbiditeti koji predisponiraju fibrilaciju atrija
Sažetak
Uvod: Fibrilacija atrija (eng.Fibrillatio atriorum, FA) predstavlja najčešću aritmiju u kličkoj praksi kojom je pogođeno 1-2% svjetske populacije. Karakteriše je visokofrekventna ekscitacija atrija, posljedična asinhron a atrijalna kontrakcija i nepravilna ekscitacijaventrikula. Faktori rizika i komorbiditeti predisponiraju FA promjenom ekstracelularnog matiksa, promjenom funkcije fibroblasta i masnih stanica, jonskih kanala, miocita, autonomnog nervnog sistema, endotelnim i vaskularnim promjenama. Cilj: Istraživanje je imalo za cilj utvrditi faktore rizika i komorbiditete koji su statistički značajno povezani sa pojavom FA. Metode: Istraživanje je studija presjeka obavljeno u Domu zdravlja Krupa na Uni u periodu od 01. 11. 2017. do 01.01.2019. Uzorak je činilo 145 slučajno odabranih pacijenata, 96 (66.2%) žena i 49 (33.8%) muškaraca., prosječne starosti 63 ± 9.8 godina. Podaci su prikupljeni putem anamneze, fizikalnog pregleda, elektrokardiograma, laboratorijske dijagnostike, ultrazvučnog pregleda i dostupne medicinske dokumentacije. Obrada podataka vršena je standardnim statističkim metodama. Rezultati: FA je učestalija kod žena, starijih od 60 godina i osoba koje konzumiraju alkohol (p < 0.05). Komorbiditeti povezani sa FA su: hipertrofija lijeve komore, mitralna regurgitacija, hipertenzija, dijabetes, hronična opstruktivna bolest pluća i gojaznost (p < 0.05). Zaključak: Rana detekcija, pravovremen i adekvatan menadžment komorbiditeta i faktora rizika FA sprečava ili usporava napredovanja FA, podiže kvalitet života oboljelih, smanjenjuje troškove zadravstvene zaštite i radnog apsentizma.
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