NEW DIRECTIONS IN EU DIGITAL REGULATION POST-2015: REGULATING DISRUPTION
Sažetak
Ovaj rad istražuje postepenu promenu smera u evropskoj elektronskoj politici na nivou regulative „sadržaja“ (nasuprot regulative telekom infrastrukture) koja se dogodila nakon uvođenja Strategije jedinstvenog digitalnog tržišta za 2015. godinu. Tvrdi se da, iako su glavni ciljevi politike pre 2015. bili promocija i olakšavanje slobodnog kretanja elektronskih usluga putem liberalizacije, digitalna strategija posle 2015. godine menja smer na kome je izvorno bila zasnovana u smer ka odbrani od stvarnih i zamišljenih pretnji i ka umanjenju efekata liberalizacije.
U prvom delu su izloženi ciljevi digitalne politike EU pre 2015. godine. Tvrdi se da se ona temelji na relativno niskom nivou regulativne intervencije usluga informacionog društva i na čvrstom režimu posredničke odgovornosti. U drugom delu istražuju se glavne regulatorne metode posle 2015. godine: reakcije na pojavu platformi i njihov uvećan značaj, nove vrste pravila i novi regulatorni principi.
U završnom delu daje se kritički pregled i objašnjava zašto je trenutni pristup neadekvatan za budućnost.
Reference
Bibliography
Adamski, A., 2018, Lost on the Digital Platform: Europe’s Legal Travails with the Digital Single Market, Common Market Law Review, 55.
Aretz, L.,Strandburg, K., 2019, Regulation and Innovation: Approaching Market Failure from Both Sides (September 4,). NYU Law and Economics Research Paper,, 19-44; NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper, 19-48; Yale Journal on Regulation Bulletin (Forthcoming 2020) SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3462522.
Blind, B., The impact of regulation on innovation in: Edler, J. et al. (eds.), 2016, Handbook of Innovation Policy Impact,Edward ElgarPublishing.
Bower, J., Christiansen, C., 1995, Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave, Harvard Business Review, January-February.
Broder, J., 1997, Ira Magaziner Argues for Minimal Internet Regulation, New York Times, 30 June.
Brown, I., 2013, Research Handbook of Governance of the Internet,Edward Elgar Publishing.
Clinton, W., 1997, Memorandum: Electronic Commerce, 1 July..
Streel, A. de, Larouche, P., 2016, An Integrated Regulatory Framework for Digital Networks and Services: A CERRE Report (CERRE 2016).
DeNardis, L., 2015, Global War for Internet Governance, The MIT Press.
Devolder, B. (ed.) 2019, The Platform Economy, Intersentia.
European Commission, A Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe, COM(2015)192 final (6 May 2015).
European Commission, Communication on a “European Initiative on Electronic Commerce”, 16.4.1997, COM(97) 157 final.
European Commission, Communication: A Digital Agenda for Europe, 26.8.2010, COM(2010)0245 f/2.
European Commission, Communication: A Digital Agenda for Europe, 19.5.2010 COM(2010)245 final.
European Commission, Communication: a European Data Strategy, 19.2.2020 COM(2020) 66 final.
European Commission, Communication: E-Europe: An Information Society for All, COM(1999)687 (8 December 1999).
European Commission, Communication: Online Platforms and the Digital Single Market Opportunities and Challenges for Europe, 25.5.2016, COM(2016) 288 final.
European Commission, Communication: Online Platforms and the Digital Single Market Opportunities and Challenges for Europe. 25.5.2016 COM(2016) 288 final.
European Commission, Communication: Shaping Europe’s Digital Future, February 2020, (https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/communication-shaping-europes-digital-future_en) .
European Commission, Communication: Tackling Illegal Content Online: Towards an Enhanced Responsibility of Online Platforms, 28.9.2017 COM(2017) 555 final.
European Commission, Green Paper on Convergence, 3. 12. 1997, COM(97)623.
European Commission, Recommendation on Measures to Effectively Tackle Illegal Content Online 1.3.2018 C(2018) 1177 final.
European Commission, White Paper, On Artificial Intelligence - A European Approach to Excellence and Trust, 19.2.2020 COM(2020) 65 final.
Goldsmith, J. et. al., 2008, Who Controls the Internet: Illusions of a Borderless World,Oxford University Press.
Hou, L., 2018, Destructive sharing economy: A passage from status to contract, Computer Law & Security Review, 34.
Johnson, S., 2018, The Political Education of Silicon Valley, Wired, August.
Keats, D., 2018, Section 230’s Challenge to Civil Rights and Civil Liberties (April 7,). Knight First Amendment Institute, Emerging Threats Series ; University of Maryland Legal Studies Research Paper, No. 2018-18. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3193214.
Kosseff, J. The Twenty-Six Words that Created the Internet (Cornell University Press, 2019
Magaziner, I. 1999, Creating a Framework for Global Electronic Commerce, Future Insight, Release 6.1 n, July, http://www.pff.org/issues-pubs/futureinsights/fi6.1globaleconomiccommerce.html
Marcut, M., 2017, Crystalising the EU Digital Policy,Springer.
Marsden, C., 2011, Internet Co-Regulation: European Law, Regulatory Governance and Legitimacy in Cyberspace, Cambridge University Press.
Millward, R., 2005, Private and Public Enterprise in Europe, Cambridge University Press.
Neuchterlein, J.,Weiser, P., 2013, Digital Crossroads, The MIT Press.
Parker, G., 2017, Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets are Transforming the Economy and How to Make Them Work for You,W. W. Norton & Company.
Rosati, E., 2019, Copyright and the Court of Justice, Oxford University Press.)
Sartor, G., 2017, Providers Liability: From the eCommerce Directive to the Future, European Parliament.
Savin, A., 2018, Regulating Internet Platforms in the EU: The Emergence of the ‘Level playing Field’, () Computer Law & Security Review, Vol. 34, No. 6.
Savin, A., 2019, Rule Making in the Digital Economy: Overcoming Functional Equivalence As a Regulatory Principle in the EU, () Journal of Internet Law, Vol. 22, No. 8.
Savin, A., 100 Years of Telecommunications Regulation - The Changing Paradigm, in: Kohli, P., Arnt Nielsen, P. (eds.), 2017, Erhvervsretlige emner 1917-2017.,København, Djøf Forlag.
Savin, A., 2018, EU Telecommunications Law, Edward Elgar Publishing.
Schumpeter, J., 2008, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy,Harper Perennial Modern Classics.
Schwab, K., 2017, The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Penguin.
Senftleben M. et al., 2018, The Recommendation on Measures to Safeguard Fundamental Rights and the Open Internet in the Framework of the EU Copyright Reform, European Intellectual Property Review, Vol. 40, No. 3..
Think Tank Europa, 2016, Disrupting Europe: From Laggard to Digital Frontrunner (Think Tank Europa 2016).
Welchman, W., 2015, Managing Chaos: Digital Governance by Design, Rosenfeld Media.
Legislative Sources
Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market, OJ L 178/1, 17.7.2000 (E-Commerce Directive, ECD).
Directive 2005/29/EC concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the internal market and amending Council Directive 84/450/EEC, Directives 97/7/EC, 98/27/EC and 2002/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (‘Unfair Commercial Practices Directive’), OJ L 149/22, 11.6.2005.
Directive 2010/13, on the coordination of certain provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action in Member States concerning the provision of audiovisual media services (Audiovisual Media Services Directive), OJ L 95/1, 15.4.2010., amended by Directive 2018/1808, OJ L 303/69, 28.11.2018.
Regulation (EU) 2017/1128 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2017 on cross-border portability of online content services in the internal market, OJ L 168/1, 30.6.2017.
Directive (EU) 2018/1972 establishing the European Electronic Communications Code (Recast), 17.12.2018, OJ L 321/36.
Directive (EU) 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and amending Directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC, OJ L 130/92, 17.5.2019.
Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online intermediation services, OJ L 186/57, 11.7.2019.