ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN SERBIA: INSTRUMENT FOR THE ENERGY TRANSITION?
Sažetak
The increasing global impact of climate change has not circumvented Serbia. Committed to take measures that will reduce the impact of climate change through numerous international conventions, the Republic of Serbia has started implementing the energy transition as one of the instruments with which it aims to achieve the set goals. Electric and hybrid vehicles represent one of the ways that the energy transition can be accelerated; the initial provisions on them found their place in positive law in April 2021. This paper will discuss whether the adopted regulations in this area represent a good starting point for achieving the goals of the energy transition, as well as what further measures need to be implemented in order to achieve the desired effect.
Reference
Batas-Bjelić, I., Rajaković N., 2022, National Energy and Climate Planning Approach for the Western Balkans: Between the Carrot and the Stick of the EU Green Agenda, International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, Vol. 20, No. 2–4, pp. 123–134.
Bogojević, S., Drenovak-Ivanović, M., 2019, Environmental Protection through the Prism of Enlargement: Time for Reflection, Common Market Law Review, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 949–977.
Brenna, M. et al., 2014, Urban Scale Photovoltaic Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 1234–1241.
Bulach, W. et al., 2018, Electric Vehicle Recycling 2020: Key Component Power Electronic, Waste Management & Research, Vol. 36, No. 4. pp. 311–320.
Funke, S. Á. et al., 2019, How Much Charging Infrastructure Do Electric Vehicles Need? A Review of the Evidence and International Comparison, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 77, No. 7, pp. 224–242.
Günther, H.-O., Kannegiesser, M., Autenrieb, N., 2015, The Role of Electric Vehicles for Supply Chain Sustainability in the Automotive Industry, Journal of Cleaner Production, 90, pp. 220–233.
Hamburger, A., 2019, Is Guarantee of Origin Really an Effective Energy Policy Tool in Europe? A Critical Approach, Society and Economy, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 487–507.
Hevelke, A., Nida-Rümelin, J., 2015, Responsibility for Crashes of Autonomous Vehicles: An Ethical Analysis, Science and Engineering Ethics, 21, pp. 619–630.
Janjić, A. et al., 2021, Estimating the Optimal Number and Locations of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: The Application of Multi-criteria p-median Methodology, Transportation Planning and Technology, Vol. 44, No. 8, pp. 827–842.
Karden, E. et al., 2007, Energy Storage Devices for Future Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 168, No. 1, pp. 2–11.
Li, G., Walls, W. D., Zheng, X., 2023, Differential License Plate Pricing and Electric Vehicle Adoption in Shanghai, China, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 172.
Mesarić, P., Krajcar, S., 2015, Home Demand Side Management Integrated with Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energy Sources, Energy and Buildings, 108, pp. 1–9.
Meszaros, F., Shatanawi, M., Ogunkunbi, G. A., 2020, Challenges of the Electric Vehicle Markets in Emerging Economies, Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 93–101.
Noussia, K., Autonomous Vehicles: Legal Considerations and Dilemmas, in: Marano, P., Noussia, K. (eds.), 2020, InsurTech: A Legal and Regulatory View, 1, Cham, Springer, pp. 253–270.
Schill, W-P., Gerbaulet, C., 2015, Power System Impacts of Electric Vehicles in Germany: Charging with Coal or Renewables?, Applied Energy, 156, pp. 185– 196.
Szumska, E., 2023, Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure along Highways in the EU, Energies, Vol. 16, No. 2.
Tompkins, E. L., Amundsen, H., 2008, Perceptions of the Effectiveness of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Advancing National Action on Climate Change, Environmental Science & Policy, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 1–13.
Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Gu, B., 2022, COP26: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 39, pp. 1209–1216.
LEGISLATIVE SOURCES
Distribution Grid Code, Official Gazette of the RS, Nos. 71/17 and 14/19.
Electricity Market Code, Official Gazette of the RS, No. 135/22.
Energy Law, Official Gazette of the RS, Nos. 145/14, 95/18 – other law, 40/21 and 35/23 – other law.
Law of Contract and Torts, Official Gazette of the SFRY, Nos. 29/78, 39/85, 45/89 – decision of CCY and 57/89, Official Gazette of the FRY, No. 31/93, Official Gazette of SCG, No. 1/03 – Constitutional Charter and Official Gazette of the RS, No. 18/20.
Law on Use of Renewable Energy Sources, Official Gazette of the RS, Nos. 40/21 and 35/23.
Law on Planning and Construction, Official Gazette of the RS, Nos. 72/09, 81/09 – correction, 64/10 – CC decision, 24/11, 121/12, 42/13 – CC decision, 50/13 – CC decision, 98/13 – CC decision, 132/14, 145/14, 83/18, 31/19, 37/19 – other law, 9/20, 52/21 and 62/23.
Regulation on the conditions and manner of carrying out subsidized purchase of new vehicles with exclusively electric drive, as well as vehicles powered by an electric drive (hybrid drive) in addition to an internal combustion engine, Official Gazette of the RS, No. 18/23.
United Nations, The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 2015, Goal No. 12.
Waste Management Law, Official Gazette of the RS, Nos. 6/09, 88/10, 14/16, 95/18 – other law and 35/23.
INTERNET SOURCES
eKapija, 2021, Cilj Srbije 40% zelene energije do 2040. godine, eKapija, 21 April, (https://oie.rs/cilj-srbije-40-zelene-energije-do-2040-godine-potpisan-sporazum-ministarstva-i-udruzenja-obnovljivi-izvori-energije/, 11. 8. 2023).
Electromaps, 2023, List of charging stations for electric vehicles in Serbia, (https://www.electromaps.com/en/charging-stations/serbia, 11. 8. 2023).
Elektromreža Srbije jsc, 2023, Annual Report on the National residual mix for Serbia for 2022, (https://ems.rs/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Godisnji-izvestaj-o-nacionalnom-rezidualnom-miksu-2022.pdf, 11. 8. 2023).
TotalEnergies, 2021, Kompanija TotalEnergies je instalirala prvi punjač za električna vozila u Srbiji, 11 April (https://totalenergies.rs/sr/totalenergies-u-srbiji/vesti/kompanija-totalenergies-je-instalirala-prvi-punjac-za-elektricna-vozila, 11. 8. 2023).
Kuzman, M., Grujić, D., 2022, Charging stations for electric vehicles on the market of the Republic of Serbia, Proceedings of 13th Conference on Electricity Distribution with Regional Participation, Kopaonik, Serbia, (http://ciredserbia.org.rs/Radovi/KO2022/STK%204/R-4.06%20109_Milos%20Kuzman_Dunja%20Grujic_PUNIONICE%20ELEKTRICNIH%20VOZILA%20NA%20TRZISTU%20REPUBLIKE%20SRBIJE.pdf, 11. 8. 2023).
013Info, 2022, Pančevac napravio elektroautomobil i već deset godina ne može da ga registruje, 013info, 27 June, (https://013info.rs/vesti/drustvo/pancevac-napravio-elektroautomobil-i-10-godina-ne-moze-da-ga-registruje, 13. 8. 2023).