Akustičke karakteristike glasa kod odraslih osoba sa depresivnim poremećajem
Sažetak
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da proverimo i utvrdimo da li se akustičke karakteristike glasa razlikuju i diskriminišu grupu osoba sa depresivnim poremećajem (eksperimentalna grupa – EG) u odnosu na osobe iz tipične populacije (kontrolna grupa 1 – CG1) i u odnosu na osobe sa dijagnostikovanim psihogenim poremećajem glasa (kontrolna grupa 2 – CG2). Uzorkom je obuhvaćen 51 ispitanik (18 ispitanika EG, 24 ispitanika CG1 i 9 ispitanika CG2). Analizirano je devet akustičkih parametara na osnovu produženog foniranja vokala /a/. Za akustičku analizu korišćena je Kompjuterizovana laboratorija za akustičku analizu glasa i govora („Kay Elemetrics” Corp., model 4300), softverski program MDVP. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da se srednje vrednosti svih akustičkih parametara razlikuju između osoba sa depresivnim poremećajem u odnosu na obe kontrolne grupe i to: parametri Jitter, Shimmer, NHR, vAm, APQ i VTI imaju više vrednosti, a parametar SPI je niži u odnosu na obe grupe i F0 je niži u odnosu na CG1. Samo se parametar PPQ nije pokazao značajnim. Parametri Shimmer, vAm, APQ i VTI imaju najveću diskriminativnu vrednost za depresivni poremećaj. Akustičke karakteristike glasa analizirane na osnovu produženog foniranja vokala u ovom istraživanju razlikuju i diskriminišu EG i u odnosu na CG1 i u odnosu na CG2. U vokalnoj analizi parametri Shimmer, vAm, APQ i VTI bi potencijalno mogli biti markeri koji ukazuju na depresivni poremećaj.
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