Opažanje emocija kao prediktor socijalnog funkcionisanja i kvaliteta života kod pacijenata obolelih od shizofrenije
Ključne reči:
shizofrenija, opažanje emocija, socijalno funkcionisanje, kvalitet života
Sažetak
Uvod: Opažanje emocija je važan aspekt socijalnog funkcionisanja i kvaliteta života, čiji deficit je dosledno ustanovljen kod osoba obolelih od shizofrenije.
Cilj: Bolje razumevanje povezanosti i prediktivnosti između opažanja emocija, socijalnog funkcionisanja i kvalieta života kod obolelih od shizofrenije.
Metod: Uzorak istraživanja obuhvatio je 64 ispitanika (klinička i kontrolna grupa od po 32 ispitanika, ujednačene po polu, uzrastu i obrazovanju). Opažanje emocija je mereno testom brzine i tačnosti opažanja facijalne ekspresije, a socijalno funkcionisanje i kvalitet života upitnicima samoprocene. Klinička i kontrolna grupa su bile ujednačene po polu, uzrastu i obrazovanju. Istraživanje je bilo eksplorativno i korelaciono neeksperimentalno.
Rezultati: Kod kliničke i kontrolne grupe opažanje emocija je pozitivno povezano sa socijalnim funkcionisanjem i kvalitetom života, a smer prediktivnosti ostaje nerazjašnjen, usled kompleksnosti veza. Deficit kod kliničke u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu ustanovljen je u domenima opažanja emocionane ekspresije, socijalnog funkcionisanja i kvaliteta života. Deficit opažanja emocija kod pacijenta obolelih od shizofrenije je globalan i zahvata sve emocije, a najizraženiji je za emocije iznenađenja i besa.
Zakljuci: Nalazi istraživanje ukazuju da razumevanje narušenosti funkcionisanja osoba obolelih od shizofrenije treba, između ostalog, tražiti u odnosu opažanja emocija, socijalnog funkcionisanja i kvalieta života, kako bi se stekla jasnija slika u kom pravcu treba delovati u tretmanu, a radi poboljšanja sveukupne dobrobiti obolelih.
Reference
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De Paiva-Silva, A. I., Pontes, M. K., Aguiar, J. S. R. & de Souza, W. C. (2016). How do we evaluate facial emotion recognition?. Psychology & Neuroscience, 9 (2), 153-175.
De Souza, L. A., Coutinho, E. S. F. (2006) The quality of life of people with schizophrenia living in community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41, 347 – 356.
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Edwards, J., Jackson, H. J. & Pattison, P. E. (2002). Emotion recognition via facial expression and affective prosody in schizophrenia: A methodological review. Clinical Psychology review, 22(6), 789-832.
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Erol, A., Putgul, G, Kosger, F. & Ersoy, B. (2013) Facial Emotion Recognition in Schizophrenia: The Impact of Gender. Psychiatry Investigation, 10, 69-74.
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Hermann, H., Hawthorne, G., Thomas, R. (2002). Quality of life assessment in people living with psychosis. Social psychiatry and psychiatry epidemiology, 37, 510 – 518.
Hildebrandt, A., Schacht, A., Sommer, W. & Wilhelm, O. (2011) Measuring the speed of recognising facially expressed emotions Cognition & Emotion, 1 – 17.
Hildebrandt, A., Sommer, W., Schacht, A. & Wilhelm, O. (2015) Perceiving and remembering emotional facial expressions — A basic facet of emotional intelligence. Intelligence, 50, 52 – 67.
Hofera, A., Beneckeb, C., Edlingera, M., Hubera, R., Kemmlera, G., Rettenbachera, M. A., Schleicha, G. & Fleischhackera, W. W. (2009) Facial emotion recognition and its relationship to symptomatic, subjective, and functional outcomes in outpatients with chronic schizophrenia. European Psychiatry, 24(1), 27–32.
Hooker, C. & Park, S. (2002). Emotion processing and its relationship to social functioning in schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Research, 112, 41-50.
Hunt, S. M. (1997). The problem of quality of life. Quality of Life Research, 6, 205 – 212.
Ienciu, M. I., Bredicean, C. A., Romosan, F., Giurgi-Oncu, C. I. (2013). Social functioning in schizophrenia offspring. European psychiatry, 28 (1).
Iffland, J. R., Lockhofen, D., Gruppe, H., Gallhofer, B., Sammer, G. & Hanewald, B. (2015). Validation of the German Version of the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) for Schizophrenia. PLoS ONE. 10 (4), 1-18.
Irani, F., Seligman, S., Kamath, V., Kohler, C. & Gur, R. C. (2012). A meta-analysis of emotion perception and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 137, 1-3, 203-211.
Izard, C. E. (1977). Human Emotions. New York: Springer US.
Johnston, P. J., Devir, H. & Karayanidis, F. (2006) Facial emotion processing in schizophrenia: No evidence for a deficit specific to negative emotions in a differential deficit design. Psychiatry Research, 143, 51 – 61.
Katschnig, H. (2006). Quality of life in mental disorders: challenges for research and clinical practice World Psychiatry. 5 (3), 139 – 145.
Kee, K. S., Qreen, M. R., Mintz, J. & Brekke, J. S. (2003). Is emotion processing a predictor of functional outcome in schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 29(3), 487-497.
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Knežević, G. & Momirović, K. (1996). RTT10G, jednostavan program za analizu reprezentativnosti, pouzdanosti, homogenosti i informativnosti kompozitnih mernih instrumenata. Beograd: Institu za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja.
Kohler, C. G., Bilker, W., Hagendoorn, M., Gur, R. E. & Gur, R. C. (2000). Emotion Recognition Deficit in Schizophrenia: Association with Symptomatology and Cognition. Society of Biological Psychiatry, 48, 127 – 136.
Kohler, C. G., Turner, T. H., Bilker, W. B., Brensinger, C. M., Siegel, S. J., Kanes, S. J., Gur, R. E. & Gur, R. C. (2003) Facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia: intensity effects and error pattern. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 160 (10), 1768 - 1774.
Lambert, M. & Naber, D. (2004) Current issues in schizophrenia: overview of patient acceptability, functioning capacity and quality of life. CNS Drugs, 18(2), 5-17.
Linden, S.C., Jackson, M. C., Subramanian, L., Wolf, C., Green, P., Healy, D. & Linden, D. E. (2010). Emotion-cognition interactions in schizophrenia: Implicit and explicit effects of facial expression. Neuropsychologia, 48 (4), 997 - 1002.
Martin, D., Croft, J., Pitt, A., Strelchuk, D., Sullivan, S., Zammit, S. (2020). Systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between genetic
risk for schizophrenia and facial emotion recognition. Schizophrenia research, article in press.
Mueser, K. T. (2000) Cognitive functioning, social adjustment, and long-term outcome in schizophrenia. In: Sharma T, Harvey P, editors. Cognition in schizophrenia. New York: Oxford University Press; 157-177.
Morrison, R. L., Bellack, M. S. & Mueser, K. T. (1988) Deficits in Facial-Affect Recognition and Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 14 (1), 67 – 83.
Mueser, K. T., Doonan, R., Penn, D. L., Blanchard, J. J., Bellack, A. S., Nishith, P. & DeLeon, J. (1996). Emotional recognition and social competence in chronic schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 271–275.
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