The Facets of primary and secondary school students’ wellbeing during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative analysis of Austrian and Italian educational policy
Sažetak
Pandemija virusa korona razotkrila je granice trenutnih struktura društva i obrazovanja. U većini zemalja, pandemija ugrozila je kako dobrobit učenika, tako i dobrobit njihovih porodica i nastavnika. Tokom prvog talasa pandemije, obrazovni sistemi širom sveta morali su brzo i na odgovarajući način da reaguju na sistemski šok nastao usled pandemije, a države su primenile niz različitih mera kako bi se izborile sa njenim velikim uticajem. Teorijski okvir od koga polazimo u ovom radu je kritička perspektiva, a kao okvir za analizu obrazovnih politika korišćeni su Ciljevi održivog razvoja Ujedinjenih Nacija. Ovaj okvir omogućava kvalitativnu analizu odabranih obrazovnih politika koje su primenile Italija i Austrija kako bi podržale blagostanje učenika. Ove dve zemlje koristile su različite strategije upravljanja obrazovanjem i vanrednom situacijom, posebno tokom prvog talasa pandemije. U radu primenjujemo pomenuti teorijski i politički okvir na kvalitativnu analizu sadržaja dokumenata obrazovne politike od februara do kraja avgusta 2020. godine, sa ciljem da procenimo odgovore na krizu različitih obrazovnih sistema, kao i da potencijalno ukažemo na smerove poboljšanja. Opšte istraživačko pitanje bilo je sledeće: Kako su obrazovne politike u Italiji i Austriji podržale dobrobit učenika tokom prvog talasa pandemije kovida-19? Rezultati potvrđuju da su sistemi u Italiji i Austriji primenili različite strategije da bi podržali dobrobit i sproveli različite inicijative. Međutim, obrazovne politike u obe zemlje, a posebno u Italiji, više su se usmerile na fizičku dobrobit učenika, često zanemarujući socijalnopsihološku dobrobit. U zaključku se diskutuje o mogućnostima koje je vanredna situacija pružila školskim sistemima da postave dobrobit u središte obrazovne politike.
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