Makrostruktura teksta u nastavi kao podrška ili prepreka konstrukciji smisla i značenja u toku školskog učenja

Slobodanka Antić

doi:10.5937/psistra0-45268

Slobodanka Antić Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra0-45268

Ključne reči: tekst u nastavi, makrostruktura školskog teksta; diskurs školskog teksta; konstrukcija smisla i značenja; razumevanje pročitanog

Sažetak

Savremene okolnosti realizacije nastave na svim nivoima obrazovanja i laka dostupnost različitih izvora, vodi potrebi da se analizira ne samo udžbenik nego i tekst u nastavi kao nadređena kategorija kojoj je udžbenik podklasa. Obzirom da je učenje u formalnom kontekstu zasnovano najvećim delom na učenju verbalnog sadržaja i praktikovanju pismenosti, veoma je važno sagledati različite aspekte teksta u nastavi iz perspektive potencijala za učenje. Cilj ovog rada je da mapira karakteristike makrostrukture teksta u nastavi koje su važne za unapređenje zone konstrukcije smisla i značenja u toku školskog učenja. U radu se problemski prezentuje makrostruktura, analiziraju se sličnosti i razlike termina tip teksta, žanr i diskurs, daje se pregled istraživanja koja povezuju makrustrukturu teksta i efekte na učenje. Na kraju se izvode pedagoške implikacije i potreba da makrostruktura teksta iz koga se uči postane relevantni faktor za planiranje nastave, procenu uspeha učenja ali i unapređenje obrazovne politike, uključujći obrazovanje nastavnika.

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