EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS IN HUMAN

Marko  Koprivica

doi:10.5937/sanamed0-48644

Marko Koprivica 1. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; 2. Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/sanamed0-48644

Keywords: Epstein-Barr virus, carcinogenesis, transplantation, serological methods, autoimmune reactions

Abstract

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) belongs to the family of herpesviruses, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, and genus Lymphocryptovirus. Despite this classification, there are two serotypes of the Epstein-Barr virus, namely type A and type B. Both types play significant roles in the development of viremia. Additionally, EBV infection can lead to lymphadenopathy, upper respiratory tract obstruction, spleen rupture, thrombocytopenia, and recently, there has been increased emphasis on the connection between this virus and certain malignant neoplasms. Diagnosing this virus can be challenging if clinicians rely solely on serological confirmation. In some cases, it is necessary to perform more specific methods, in addition to considering the clinical picture and history, to prove the presence of the virus in blood, nasopharyngeal swabs, and other tissue samples. The aim of this paper is to present the severity and consequences caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and to emphasize the importance of preventive measures in preventing the virus from coming into contact with susceptible individuals. Prevention plays a crucial role in reducing contact with the virus. Since the infection spreads via droplets, wearing masks in healthcare facilities and regular hand washing are hygiene priorities to prevent infection and further transmission.

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