Evaluation of the impact of ethanol on the nervous control of micturition - the analysis of the link between the concentration of alcohol in the blood and the volume of urine in the bladder.
Sažetak
Numerous biochemical and electrophysiological studies have identified receptors and ion channels whose function is somehow affected by ethanol. Some of them are involved in the neural control of micturition, which raises the question about the possibility of causing urinary retention by ethanol. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the concentration of alcohol in the blood and the volume of urine in the bladder measured during autopsy. The study was based on autopsy protocol data from 702 people. Criteria for inclusion were age not exceeding 50 years and a blood alcohol level of at least 0.5 parts per thousand. A correlation between the blood alcohol concentration and a bladder urine volume over 200ml can be portrayed as part of a range limited by curves asymptotically converging to the value of 3 per mil. This phenomenon may be explained by the effect that alcohol has on receptors involved in the micturition reflex, which should be typically be engaged at approximately 200 ml of urine in the bladder. The lower limit of this range can be explained by stimulation of GABA-A as well as the inhibition of NMDA receptors or by decreasing influx through calcium channels. Both of these effects result in the inhibition of the micturition reflex. However, the upper limit, which indicates reduced urine retention, may be caused by the action of high concentrations of ethanol at the end of the adrenergic fibers causing their dysfunction or by changing in intracellular calcium ion concentration.
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