ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Abstract
Introduction/Aim: Arterial hypertension is a condition of chronically elevated levels of arterial blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg and higher, and is one of the leading causes of death, both worldwide and in Serbia. The aim of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of alcoholic beverages and arterial hypertension.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 57 participants of both sexes (30 women and 27 men), over 18 years of age, from the wider area of the City of Pančevo, who were not on antihypertensive therapy. A survey was conducted to collect data on alcohol consumption, using the modified Food Frequency Questionnaire at a Glance of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Measurement of arterial blood pressure was performed according to the recommended procedure, wherein the mean value was calculated, and the level of arterial blood pressure was categorized, in accordance with the classification of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH), from 2018. The data was processed in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), the 2 test was applied, with the statistical significance threshold set at p < 0.05. The results are presented in textual and tabular form.
Results: In the analyzed population, of the 43 participants who did not engage in risky alcohol consumption, 35 (81.4%) participants did not have hypertension, while 8 (18.6%) participants had hypertension. Among the 14 participants who engaged in risky alcohol consumption, 13 (92.9%) participants did not have hypertension, while one (7.1%) participant had hypertension. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the presence of hypertension with respect to the frequency of alcohol consumption (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: There is no association between the consumption of alcoholic beverages and arterial hypertension.
References
1. Sun J, Yuan J, Li B. SBP Is Superior to MAP to Reflect Tissue Perfusion and Hemodynamic Abnormality Perioperatively. Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 14;12:705558. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705558.
2. World Health Organization. Hypertension. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021.
3. Seidel E, Scholl UI. Genetic mechanisms of human hypertension and their implications for blood pressure physiology. Physiol Genomics. 2017 Nov 1;49(11):630-652. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00032.2017.
4. Unger T, Borghi C, Charchar F, Khan NA, Poulter NR, Prabhakaran D, et al. 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. Hypertension. 2020 Jun;75(6):1334-1357. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026.
5. Skorupan N. Prevencija i lečenje hipertenzije u svakodnevnoj apotekarskoj praksi. Arh. Farm. 2017; 67:41-53. doi:10.5937/arhfarm1701041S.
6. World Health Organization. Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2018. Dostupno: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789241565639 [pristupljeno: 27. 4. 2023.].
7. Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“. Nacionalno istraživanje o stilovima života stanovništva Srbije 2014. godine: korišćenje psihoaktivnih supstanci i igre na sreću. Beograd, 2014.
8. Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“. Zdravstveno-statistički godišnjak Republike Srbije 2012. Beograd, 2013.
9. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. What is a Standard Drink? [Internet]. National Institutes of Health; [ažurirano: 10. mart 2021; pristupljeno: 27. april 2023.]. Dostupno: https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/moderate-binge-drinking.
10. Husain K, Ansari RA, Ferder L. Alcohol-induced hypertension: Mechanism and prevention. World J Cardiol. 2014 May 26;6(5):245-52. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v6.i5.245.
11. Tasnim S, Tang C, Musini VM, Wright JM. Effect of alcohol on blood pressure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 1;7(7):CD012787. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012787.pub2.
12. Vacca A, Bulfone L, Cicco S, Brosolo G, Da Porto A, Soardo G, et al. Alcohol Intake and Arterial Hypertension: Retelling of a Multifaceted Story. Nutrients. 2023 Feb 15;15(4):958. doi: 10.3390/nu15040958.
13. Santana NMT, Mill JG, Velasquez-Melendez G, Moreira AD, Barreto SM, Viana MC, et al. Consumption of alcohol and blood pressure: Results of the ELSA-Brasil study. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 8;13(1):e0190239. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190239.
14. Mousa H. Effect of alcohol consumption on blood pressure. J Clin Basic Cardiol2005;8(1-4):75-77. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012787.pub2.
15. National Institutes of Health. Food Frequency Questionnaire at a Glance. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; 2016.
16. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-3104. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339.
17. Briasoulis A, Agarwal V, Messerli FH. Alcohol consumption and the risk of hypertension in men and women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012 Nov;14(11):792-8. doi: 10.1111/jch.12008.
18. Ronksley PE, Brien SE, Turner BJ, Mukamal KJ, Ghali WA. Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2011 Feb 22;342:d671. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d671.
19. Taylor B, Irving HM, Baliunas D, Roerecke M, Patra J, Mohapatra S, et al. Alcohol and hypertension: gender differences in dose-response relationships determined through systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction. 2009 Dec;104(12):1981-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02694.x.
20. Grujičić S, Supić Z, Nikolić Ž, Gredić D, Bjekić M, Bjegović V, et al. Risk factors for development of arterial hypertension. Med Glas (Zenica). 2014;11(1):19-25.
