ETIČKA PRAKSA ZDRAVSTVENIH RADNIKA U PROMOCIJI ZDRAVLJA
Sažetak
Promocija zdravlja, kao proces osnaživanja pojedinaca da u socijalnoj sredini unapređuju zdravlje, zasnovana je na etičkim principima u medicinskoj praksi i javnom zdravlju i odgovornosti društvene zajednice. Dok medicinska etika nalaže poštovanje principa pravednosti, jednakosti, dobrotvornosti i poštovanja prava pacijenata, slobode i ličnog izbora u procesu ostvarivanja zdravstvene zaštite, okruženje pacijenta može prouzrokovati i „negativnu slobodu“, stigmatizaciju ili ograničenje izbora, pri čemu se u obezbeđivanju sredine koja promoviše zdravlje najpre smatraju odgovornim zdravstveni radnici.
Ovaj pregledni rad se bavi savremenim etičkim pitanjima i moralnim dilemama sa kojima se zdravstveni radnici susreću tokom akcija promocije zdravlja, a čiji je cilj da se stanovnicima zajednice omogući da naprave dobar lični izbor ponašanja orijentisanog ka očuvanju i unapređenju zdravlja („zdrav izbor“), te da se oni motivišu da ostvare svoj puni zdravstveni potencijal, čak i kada im okruženje nameće ili podstiče drugačije izbore. Posebni akcenat u pregledanoj literaturi je stavljen na izbore koje zajednica reguliše u pogledu obezbeđivanja ostvarivanja prava i sloboda pacijenata i pravovremenog informisanja u kontekstu kliničke prakse.
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