DETERMINANTE NAMERE VAKCINISANJA PROTIV HUMANOG PAPILOMA VIRUSA KOD UČENIKA
Sažetak
Uvod: Humani papiloma virus (HPV) je virus koji je najčešće povezan sa karcinomima. Karcinom grlića materice predstavlja jedan od vodećih problema javnog zdravlja, naročito u zemljama u razvoju. U Republici Srbiji, rak grlića materice je u ženskoj populaciji po učestalosti na petom mestu u odnosu na sve maligne bolesti, a infekcija HPV-om je najvažniji faktor rizika za nastanak ove bolesti. Cilj ove studije je bilo utvrđivanje determinanti namere vakcinisanja protiv HPV virusa kod adolescenata.
Materijali i metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao studija preseka u kojoj je učestvovalo ukupno 748 učenika uzrasta 12 – 19 godina, iz jedne srednje i dve osnovne škole u Šapcu. Instrument istraživanja je bio upitnik, posebno sastavljen za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Da bi se ispitao prediktivni model u objašnjavanju namere vakcinisanja protiv HPV-a kod mladih, primenjena je multipla linearna regresija.
Rezultati: Predloženi model objašnjava 66% namere vakcinisanja protiv HPV-a kod mladih. Najjači prediktor namere vakcinisanja protiv HPV-a kod mladih se odnosi na subjektivnu normu, odnosno društveni pritisak vršnjaka i drugih osoba koje su za njih značajne. Nepoverenje u korisnost vakcinacije, zabrinutost zbog komercijalnog profiterstva i uverenja o zaveri o vakcinama, imaju značajno manji, ali statistički važan doprinos u objašnjavanju namere naših mladih u vezi sa vakcinacijom protiv HPV-a.
Zaključak: Sve veći društveni pritisak da se vakcinišu, kao i promena određenih stavova i uverenja o vakcinama uopšte, može dovesti do povećanja namere mladih da se vakcinišu protiv HPV-a. Sagledavanje ključnih aspekata u odnosu mladih u Srbiji prema HPV vakcinaciji daje mogućnost da se kreiraju javnozdravstvene politike zasnovane na dokazima i planiraju ciljane zdravstveno-vaspitne intervencije usmerene na identifikovane nalaze.
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