PREVALENCIJA I SOCIODEMOGRAFSKE NEJEDNAKOSTI U OBOLEVANJU OD DIJABETES TIP 2 MULTIMORBIDITETA U SRBIJI
Sažetak
Uvod: Broj ljudi sa dijabetesom raste širom sveta, pri čemu većina obolelih živi u zemljama sa niskim i srednjim prihodima. Dijabetes melitus tip 2 (T2DM) često je povezan sa istovremenom pojavom jednog ili više dugotrajnih zdravstvenih stanja (komorbiditeti i multimorbiditeti), na koje mogu uticati socijalno-ekonomske prilike pacijenata, ali nije poznato u kojoj meri je to prisutno u Srbiji. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja da ispita prevalenciju i uticaj socijalno-demografskih faktora na T2DM komorbiditet i multimorbiditet u Srbiji.
Metod: Sprovedena je sekundarna analiza podataka Istraživanja zdravlja stanovništva Republike Srbije iz 2013. i 2019. godine, u populaciji starijoj od 45 godina. Korišćeni su multinominalni regresioni modeli za istraživanje odnosa između sociodemografskih determinanti učesnika u različitim grupama bolesti (sa/bez T2DM-a i jednim ili više komorbiditeta). Rezultati su prikazani kao odnos relativnog rizika sa 95%-im intervalima poverenja i predviđenim verovatnoćama.
Rezultati: Prevalencija T2DM komorbiditeta iznosila je 8,8%, a multimorbiditeta 29,5%. T2DM je najčešće udružen sa moždanim udarom, infarktom miokarda i cirozom jetre. Multimorbiditet se češće javljao kod starijih osoba, žena, osoba sa nižim nivoom obrazovanja i nižim prihodima. Najveći rodni jaz identifikovan je u predviđenim verovatnoćama za T2DM i multimorbiditete među najmanje obrazovanim ispitanicima (žene: p = 0,333 naspram muškaraca: p = 0,208) i u najnižem kvintilu prihoda (žene: p = 0,366 naspram muškaraca: p = 0,236), dok rodna razlika nije identifikovana među onima koji imaju završene barem osnovne fakultetske studije (žene: p = 0,258 naspram muškaraca: p = 0,260).
Zaključak: Sveobuhvatni pristup identifikaciji i razvrstavanju populacije u podgrupe na osnovu njihovog rizika za dugotrajna zdravstvena stanja pruža dragocene uvide koji mogu poboljšati rano otkrivanje i kontrolisanje bolesti.
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