PROMOVISANJE REZILIJENTNOSTI I BLAGOSTANJA KOD POJEDINCA, PORODICE I ZAJEDNICE TOKOM PSIHOSOCIJALNE KRIZE
Sažetak
Uvod: Procenjuje se da oko 70% ljudi doživi bar jedan ozbiljan traumatski događaj tokom života. Trauma obično izaziva psihosocijalnu krizu, koja predstavlja stanje nestabilnosti i opasnosti. Trauma i psihosocijalna kriza razmatraju se na nivou pojedinca, porodice i zajednice. Promovisanje rezilijentnosti i blagostanja u velikoj meri pomaže da se osoba „povrati” nakon suočavanja sa nedaćama.
Cilj: Ovaj rad istražuje dinamiku psihosocijalne krize i načine promovisanja rezilijentnosti i blagostanja na nivou pojedinca, porodice i zajednice.
Materijali i metode: Sproveden je pregled literature o psihosocijalnoj krizi, njenim uzrocima i posledicama, kao i o rezilijentnosti i blagostanju kao ključnim resursima za suočavanje sa ovim izazovima.
Rezultati: „Faktori otpornosti” – kao što su optimizam, suočavanje sa sopstvenim strahom, jasno definisane moralne vrednosti, vera i duhovnost, socijalna podrška, kognitivna i emocionalna fleksibilnost, kao i osvešćeni doživljaj životnog smisla – imaju ključnu ulogu u suočavanju sa psihosocijalnom krizom. Blagostanje se dodatno može unaprediti fokusiranjem na fizičko zdravlje, negovanjem socijalnih kontakata i putem mentalne stimulacije.
Zaključak: Psihosocijalna kriza se može posmatrati na više nivoa – razvojnom, situacionom, egzistencijalnom, duhovnom i na nivou slučajnih događaja. Ukoliko se trauma adekvatno ne obradi i kriza potraje, to može dovesti i do intergeneracijskih i transgeneracijskih trauma. Jačanje rezilijentnosti i unapređivanje blagostanja na nivou pojedinca, porodice i društva predstavlja ključnu strategiju za suočavanje sa traumom i ublažavanje negativnih posledica kao što su PTSP, zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci, suicidalanost, depresija i problemi fizičkog zdravlja. Unapređivanjem rezilijentnosti i blagostanja traumatska iskustva i psihosocijalne krize se mogu transformisati u prilike za lični, porodični i društveni rast i razvoj.
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