POLNE RAZLIKE U KVALITETU ŽIVOTA I MOTIVACIJI ZA TRENINGOM KOD ADOLESCENATA PROSEČNE I SUVIŠNE TELESNE MASE

  • Miroljub Ivanović Profesor
  • Uglješa Ivanović
Ključne reči: motivi, adolescencija, indeks telesne mase, fizičko vežbanje, raspoloženje i emocije

Sažetak


Osnovni cilj u ovoj transverzalnoj studiji je ispitivanje razlike u konstruktima kvaliteta života i motivacije za treningom kod adolescenata i adolescentkinja prosečne i suvišne telesne mase. Uzorak je obuhvatio učenike valjevskih srednjih škola (N = 337). Prosečna starost ispitanika iznosila je M = 16.53 godine (SD = .38). Primenjena su dva merna instrumenta: upitnik motivacije za trening (EMI-2) i upitnik kvaliteta života za decu i adolescente (TKQ). Nalazi Kronbahovog α koeficijenta sugerisali su da primenjeni upitnici imaju zadovoljavajuće pouzdanosti tipa interne konzistencije, te da se validno mogu koristiti za procenu adolescentske populacije i u Republici Srbiji. 

Rezultati su pokazali da motivaciju za trening adolescenata čine unutrašnji i spoljašnji motivi, pri čemu mladići u odnosu na devojke povoljnije percipiraju kvalitet života. Utvrđene statistički značajne polne razlike, tj. viši stepen evaluacije konstrukta TKQ kod adolescenata, u poređenju sa adolescentkinjama su posledica znatnijeg doživljavanja fizičkog blagostanja, prijatnih osećanja i raspoloženja, dobre porodične i socijalne sredine, kao i izvodljivosti programiranja i njihovog sprovođenja slobodnog vremena. Istovremeno ispitanicima sa prosečnom telesnom masom više prija percepcija sopstvene fizičke aktivnosti i zdravlja nego njihovim vršnjacima sa suvišnom TM. Fizičko vežbanje ispitanika s obzirom na pol više podstiču varijable uživanje, izazov, takmičenje, snaga i izdržljivost, te socijalni faktori (pripadnost grupi, pritisak i priznanje), u odnosu na ispitanice, koje su spremnije da treniraju radi kontrole telesne mase. Rezultati Man-Vitnijevog U neparametrijskog testa ukazali su na relevantne polne razlike: adolescenti sa prosečnom telesnom masom u većem stepenu nego vršnjaci sa suvišnom telesnom masom na trening podstiče varijabla uživanje u aktivnosti, dok sa druge strane adolescente sa prekomernom telesnom masom značajnije stimuliše verovatnoća njene regulacije (≤ .01).

U radu se raspravlja o praktičnim implikacijama ovih rezultata na stvaranju motivacije za vežbanjem i kvalitetom života kod mladih oba pola, sa normalnom i prekomernom TM u doba  adolescencije.

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Objavljeno
2023/04/10
Kako citirati
Ivanović, M., & Ivanović, U. (2023). POLNE RAZLIKE U KVALITETU ŽIVOTA I MOTIVACIJI ZA TRENINGOM KOD ADOLESCENATA PROSEČNE I SUVIŠNE TELESNE MASE. Sport - Nauka I Praksa, 12(2), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.5937/snp12-2-41684
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