Nestajanje Jugoslavije na tržištu globalnog kapitala
Sažetak
Proces raspada Jugoslavije je direktan rezultat modernog kapitalizma i njegovog bezgraničog širenja tržišta u ekonomskom smislu te neoliberalizma u ideološkom smislu. Raspad Jugoslavije je bio preduslov za globalizaciju njenih tržišta i oduzimanje društvenog bogatstva. Globalne finansijske sile su direktno povezane sa slabljenjem i nestajanjem države na temelju neoliberalnog modela i univerzalizacije neoliberalnog diskursa, koji zahtevaju promene u vladajućim oblicima države redefinišući njen suverenitet kroz strukturalne promene. Kroz dominaciju globalnog finansijskog sistema, zapadne sile su, u potrazi za nacionalnim i kolektivnim strateškim interesima, pomogle da jugoslovenska ekonomija dođe do kolapsa, a građani u etničke i društvene sukobe.
Globalni mediji su, kroz pažljivo osmišljenu propagandu, zagovarali „slobodno tržište” kao temelj za obnovu ratom razorene ekonomije. Kroz društveni i politički uticaj ekonomskog restrukturiranja u Jugoslaviji je postepeno izbrisano kolektivno razumevanje, socijalna kohezija i zajednički jugoslovenski identitet. Intelektualna i politička elita je dogmatično predstavljala kulturne, etničke i verske podele kao jedini uzrok rata i razaranja.
Cilj rada je dokazati kako je Jugoslavija nestala razorena moćima kapitala kroz korporacijski sistem koji je preko svojih dijagramskih struktura rasute moći bazirane na manipulaciji i neoliberalnoj ideologiji uspeo realizovati svoj cilj totalne privatizacije svega onog što je pripadalo području javnog dobra.
Ključne reči: Jugoslavija, globalno tržište, manipulacija, ideologizacija, kapital
Reference
Anderson, B. (1992). The New World Disorder, New Lef Review, no. 192, 3-13
Banner, R. (2017). Insurgent Notes: Journal of Communist Theory and Practice. Available at: http://insurgentnotes.com/2013/10/yugoslav-self-management-capitalism-underthered-banner/. Accessed: August 23.
Barnet, R, J, Cavanagh, J. (1994). Global Dreams: Imperial Corporations and the New World Order. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Bellamy, A, J. (1999). Book Review: Scramble for the Balkans: Nationalism, Globalism and the Political Economy of Reconstruction, International Affairs 75, Issue 4. 861-881.
Benjamin, W. (1974). Essays, Beograd: Nolit [In Serbian]
Berger, J. (1999). Against the defeat of the world. Race & Class, vol. 40 (2/3, October/March), 1–4.
Bernays, E. (2013). Crystallizing public opinion. Zagreb: Visoka škola Kairos [In Croatian]
Brown, W. (2015). Undoing the demos: Neoliberalism’s stealth revolution NewYork: Zone Books.
Brown, W. (2016). Sacrifcial Citizenship: Neoliberalism, Human Capital, and Austerity Politics. Constellations 23 (1): 3–14.
Burkholder, J. Humanitarian Intervention? Veterans For Peace, undated. Available at: www.veteransforpeace.org.
Chossudovsky, M. (1999). Banking on the Balkans, THIS, July/August
Chossudovsky, M. (2002, February 19). Economic War Crimes: Dismantling Former Yugoslavia, Recolonizing Bosnia-Herzegovina, Global Research
Chossudovsky, M. (2008). The globalization of poverty and the New World Order, Zagreb: Prometej [In Croatian]
Cohen, J. et al. (1975). De Parsonizing Weber: A Critique of Parsons’ Interpretation of Weber’s Sociology, American Sociological Review, vol. 40.
Deleuze, G. (1998). Foucault, Sremski Karlovci: Izdavačka knjižnica Zorana Stojanovića [In Serbian]
Galić, B. (2001). Globalization, environment and globalization, the environment and new identities in postmodern culture, Politička misao, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 3, pp. 176–185 [In Croatian]
Gervasi, S. (1992-3). Germany, U.S., and the Yugoslav Crisis, Winter 1992-3, Number 43
Gill, S. (1995). Teorizing the Interregnum, In: B. Hettne (ed.) International Political Economy. Understanding Global Disorder. London and New Jersey: Zed Books
Horvat, B. (2003). Terminology. Ekonomski pregled 54 (5/6): 521–523 [in Croatian]
Iveković, I. (1999). Modern Authoritarian Ethnocracy: Balkanization and the Political Economy of International Relations, 64-92 In: C. U. Schierup, (ed.), Scramble for the Balkans: Nationalism, Globalism and the Political Economy of Reconstruction (pp. 62–91). New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press
Jović, D. (2003). Yugoslavia- A State that withered away: the rise, the crisis and the fall of Kardelj’s Yugoslavia (1974-1990). Zagreb: Prometej [In Croatian]
Jowitt, K. (1992) New World Disorder. The Leninist Extinction. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press.
Kara-Murza, S. (2015). Dismantling Nations. Beograd: Prevodilačka radionica Rosić [In Serbian]
Kiss, J. (1994). Debt Management in Eastern Europe. Eastern European Economics 32 (3), 52-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/00128775.1994.11648532
Katalenec, J. (2013). Yugoslav Self-Management: Capitalism Under the Red. Journal of Communist Theory and Practice., http://insurgentnotes.com/2013/10/yugoslav-selfmanagement-capitalism-under-the-red-banner
Klein, N. (2008). The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. Zagreb: V.B.Z. [In Croatian]
Kovačević, B. (2014) Globalization and (de)sovereignization. In: Kovačević, B (ed.) Globalization and sovereignty - with regard to Bosnia and Herzegovina (pp. 1-11), Banja Luka: Evropski defendologija centar [In Serbian]
Le Bon, G. (2007). Crowd Psychology. Čačak: Alef [In Serbian]
Marx, K, Engels, F. (1974). Works 7, Communist Manifesto. Beograd: Prosveta, 378-406 [In Serbian]
Müller, K. (1995). From post-communism to post-modernity? Economy and society in Eastern European transformations, In: Grancelli, Bruno (ed.), Social Change and Modernization: Lessons from Eastern Europe. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter
National Security Decision Directive, (1982) 54, NSDD “United States Policy Toward Eastern Europe,” SECRET, the White House, Washington, September 2, Available at: https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/nsdd/nsdd-54.pdf
Nitzan, J, Bichler, S. (2009). Capital as Power: A Study of Order and Creorder. London: Routledge.
Nkrumah, К. (1965). Neo-Colonialism, the Last Stage of imperialism. Available at: https://www.marxists.org/subject/africa/nkrumah/neo-colonialism/introduction.htm
Oberg, J. (1999). Yugoslavia – what should have been done? The information war about Kosovo. Available at: https://yugoslavia-what-should-have-been-done.org/tag/nsdd/
Paić, Ž. (2015). The age of the oligarchy. Europske studije – European Studies, vol. 1, 107-158 [In Croatian]
Parenti, M. (2002). To Kill a Nation: The Attack on Yugoslavia, Contrary Notions, Against Empire. York and London: Verso
Parenti, M. (2011). Face of Imperialism, Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers
Phillips, J. (1993, April). Breaking the Selective Silence, Living Marxism
Piketty, Т. (2015). Capital in the Twenty-First Century, Beograd: Akademska knjiga [In Serbian]
Polanyi, K. (1957). The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston: Beacon.
Raju, G, C, T. (ed, 2003).Yugoslavia Unraveled:Sovereignty,Self Determination, Intervention. Lanham and Oxford: Lexington Books.
Rodrik, D. (1992). The Limits of Trade Policy Reform in Developing Countries, Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 6, no. 1, Winter, 87-105
Schierup, C, U. (1999). The Spectre of Balkanism: Globalisation, Fragmentation and the Enigma of Reconstruction in Post-Communist Society, 1-32, In: Carl-Ulrik Schierup (ed.) Scramble for the Balkans, Nationalism, Globalism and the Political Economy of Reconstruction, Macmillan Press, Hampshire, London
Scholte, J, A. (2000). Globalization: a critical introduction. New York: Palgrave
Scribner, C. (2003). Requiem for Communism, Cambrige, MA., London: The MIT Press
Snow, D, M. (1996). Uncivil Wars: International Security and the New Internal Conflicts. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers
Stanković Pejnović, V. (2010). The disintegration of Yugoslavia. Teme 2/2010, 601-618 [In Serbian]
Stanković Pejnović, V. (2014). The sof power of the rulers of the “new age”. Srpska politička misao, 3/2014, 111-133 [In Serbian]
Suvin, D. (2016). Splendour, Misery and Potentialities: An X-Ray of Socialist Yugoslavia. Leiden: Brill
Tamas, G. (2013). An interview of Gaspar Miklos Tamas with New Lef Review, Lef East, April
Tomas, C. & Wilkin, P. (eds.) (1997). Globalization and the South. Basingstoke: Macmillan
Viviano, F, Howe, K. (1995, August 28). Bosnia Leaders Say Nation Sit Atop Oil Fields, The San Francisco Chronicle
Williamson, J. (ed.) (1994). The Political Economy of Policy Reform, Washington, DC: Institute for International Economic.
Woodward, S, L. (1995). Socialist Unemployment: The Political Economy of Yugoslavia, 1945–1990. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Woodward, S. (1997). The Balkan tragedy: chaos and disintegration afer the Cold War. Beograd: Filip Višnjić. [In Serbian]
Woodward, S. (2003). The Political Economy of Ethno-Nationalism in Yugoslavia. Socialist Register 39: 73–92.
World Bank. (1991). Yugoslavia—Industrial Restructuring Study: Overview, Issues and Strategy for Restructuring. Washington, DC : World Bank Group. June 26, 1991. Available at: http://wwwwds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/10/02/000456286_20141002121533/Rendered/PDF/97540ESW0Yugos085314B00PUBLIC0green.pdf. Accessed April 1, 2018
Zarkovic Bookman, M. (1997). The Demographic Struggle for Power, London: Frank Cass, Interethnic Economic Competition
Zaslavsky, V. (1982). The Neo-Stalinist State: Class, Ethnicity and Consensus in Soviet Society. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe