Obilježja tranzicije u odraslo doba mladih sa problemima u mentalnom zdravlju
Sažetak
U radu će biti riječi o odlikama tranzicije u odraslo doba mladih sa problemima u mentalnom zdravlju. Strana, a pogotovo domaća naučna istraživanja o tome kako ovi mladi dosežu odraslost i da li se u tom pogledu razlikuju u odnosu na svoje klinički neupadljive vršnjake, izuzetno su rijetka. Cilj naše analize je odatle bio da opišemo karakteristike odrastanja mladih ljudi sa dijagnozom mentalnog poremećaja. U građenju konceptualnog okvira studije pošli smo od integrativno-sistemskog modela tranzicije. Riječ je o modelu koji uvažava i tzv. strukturalne i subjektivne markere odraslosti. Prvu grupu čine objektivno vidljivi pokazatelji mjesta na skali odrastanja. Druga grupa pokazatelja se tiče stepena ostvarene subjektivne nezavisnosti mlade osobe u odnosu na roditelje. Pretpostavka od koje smo u istraživanju pošli je da uporedo sa osvajanjem struturalnih pokazatelja odrastanja, raste i subjektivna nezavisnost mladih. Uzorkom smo obuhvatili 50 ispitanika – korisnika psihijatrijskih usluga Dnevne bolnice Instituta za mentalno zdravlje u Beogradu. Podaci su prikupljeni pomoću upitnka i obrađeni primjenom statističkih metoda. Nalazi su pokazali da su ispitanici visoko zavisni od svojih roditelja: finansijski, stambeno i emocionalno. Tranzicija ka odraslom dobu ovih mladih je otežana, a posebno treba da zabrine to što su, u poređenju sa mlađima, u uzorku stariji ispitanici zavisniji od roditelja po svim analiziranim pokazatelji-ma mjesta na skali odrastanja. Na budućim produbljenijim istraživanjima je da se posebnije pozabave uzrocima i posljedicama odocnjelog i/ili zaustavljenog procesa odrastanja mladih sa dijagnozom mentalnog poremećaja.
Ključne riječi: mladi, mentalni poremećaj, dosezanje odraslosti, strukturalni markeri, subjektivni pokazatelji
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