Problem depopulacije izabranih zemalja jugoistočne Evrope kroz analitičku prizmu koncepta ljudske bezbednosti
Sažetak
Od 10 izabranih zemalja jugoistočne Evrope sedam je zabeležilo demografski deficit u periodu 2006–2019. godine. Vremenski okvir istraživanja uslovljen je dostupnošću podataka i činjenicom da zbog epidemije kovid-19 podaci nakon 2019. nisu relevantni. Korišćenjem koncepta ljudske bezbednosti kao analitičkog okvira potpomognutog statističkom analizom, na bazi izabranih indikatora, došli smo do rezultata da je zdravstvena situacija najviše doprinela tome da Slovenija, Crna Gora i Severna Makedonija zadrže približno isti broj stanovnika, kao i tome da: Albanija, BiH, Bugarska, Srbija, Mađarska, Hrvatska i Rumunija zabeleže demografski deficit. Istraživanje pokazuje da dugoročne strategije razvoja država treba da se baziraju na kvalitetu života građana kako bi se obezbedila njihova održivost i opstanak.
Reference
Alkire, S. (2003). A Conceptual Framework for Human Security. Oxford: Centre for Research on Inequality, Human Security and Ethnicity.
Boretti, A., Rosa, L. (2019). Reassessing the projections of the World Water Development Report. Nature Partner Journals – NPJ Clean Water, 15 (2), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-019-0039-9.
BTI (2022). The Bertelsmann Transformation Index. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung. Available at: https://bti-project.org
Buzan, B. (1991). People, states and fear: An Agenda for security Analysis in the Post-Cold War Era. Brighton: Weatsheaf.
Cervellati, M., Sunde, U. (2009). Life Expectancy and Economic Growth: The Role of the Demographic Transition. Bonn: The Institute for the Study of Labour.
Đorđević, Lj. I. (2013). Human Security – Global Context and Application in Serbia. Beograd: Institut za uporedno pravo & Dosije. [In Serbian]
IBRD (2019). Western Balkans and Croatia Urbanization & Territorial Review. Washington: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. Available at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/404331565242902772/pdf/Western-Balkans-and-Croatia-Urbanization-and-Territorial-Review.pdf.
IOM (2022). World Migration Report 2022. Geneva: International Organization for Migration. Available at: https://worldmigrationreport.iom.int/wmr-2022-interactive/.
MPI (2022). Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination. Washington: Migration Policy Institute. Available at: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/immigrant-and-emigrant-populations-country-or- igin-and-destination.
Niño-Zarazúa, М. (2012). Quantitative analysis in social sciences: A brief introduction for non-economists. World Institute for Development Economics Research, United Nations University. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2066058.
Sachs, J. (2001). Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic Development. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Schnabel, A., Krummenacher, H. (2009). Towards a Human Security-Based Early Warning and Response System. In: Brauch G. H., et al. Facing Global Environmental Change (1253–1264). Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, vol 4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68488-6_96.
Sitthiyot, T., Holasut K. (2016). On Income Inequality and Population Size, MPRA Paper No. 73684. Available at: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/73684/.
TI (2022). Corruption Perceptions Index. Berlin: Transparency International, global coalition against corruption. https://www.transparency.org/.
UNDP (1994). Human Development Report. New York – Oxford: Oxford University Press. Vásquez, I., McMahon F. (2022). The HUMAN FREEDOM INDEX 2020 A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom. Washington and Vancouver: Cato Institute and the Fraser Institute.
WB (2022). Data Bank / World Development Indicators. Washington: The World Bank Group. https://databank.worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators.
Willekens, F. (2015). Demographic transitions in Europe and the World. In: Matthijs K., Neels K., Timmerman C., Haers J. Population Change in Europe, the Middle-East and North Africa Beyond the Demographic Divide. London: Routledge.
Zaiontz, C. (2022). Real Statistics Using Excel, https://www.real-statistics.com/.