Changes in the national structure of Serbia’s population at the beginning of the 21st century
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to analyze the national structure of Serbia’s population according to the 2022 Census and the changes occurring since the beginning of the 21st century.(Census, 2002) to date (Census, 2022). The research starts from the assumption that there have not been substantial changes in the national structure of Serbia’s population in comparison to two previous censuses (2002 and 2011), but that certain changes can be seen at the municipal level. During the observed period, the number of Serbia’s inhabitants dropped by 850,998. The data analysis shows that the reduction in the number of inhabitants was seen in almost all ethnic groups during the observed period. There was an increase in the number of members of Bosniak, Roma, Albanian and Russian nationalities. All ethnic groups are older in comparison to the previous censuses.
References
ASK (2023). Population estimation 2021. Agency for Statistics of Kosovo*. Available at: https:// ask.rks-gov.net/sr/agencija-za-statistiku-kosova/add-news/procena-stanovnistva-2021. (Accessed on 14 June 2023) [In Serbian]
ASK (2023a). Population by sex, age and ethnic/cultural background 2011. Agency for Statistics of Kosovo*. Available at: https://askdata.rks-gov.net/pxweb/en/ASKdata/ASKdataCensus%20populationCensus%2020112%20Republic%20of%20Kosova/census40.px/table/tableViewLayout1/
BHAS (2019). Ethnicity/National Affiliation, Religion and Mother Tongue, Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Available at: www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/doc/ Knjiga2/K2_S_E.pdf. [In Serbian]
Bobić, M. (2007). Demography and sociology – connection or synthesis, Beograd: Službeni glasnik. [In Serbian]
Brainerd, Е. (2010). The Demographic Transformation of Post-Socialist Countries Causes, Consequences, and Questions, Working Paper No. 2010/15
Dimitrova, B. (2001). Bosniak or Muslim? Dilemma of one Nation with two Names, Southeast European Politics, II (2) October 2001, 94–108.
DZSH (2021). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021 – Population of Republic of Croatia, Table 1. Population by Ethnicity – Detailed Classification, 2021, Census. Croatian Bureau of Statistics. Available at: https://podaci.dzs.hr/hr/podaci/stanovnistvo/popis-stanovnistva/. [In Croatian]
Farkas, L. (2017). European Commission Analysis and comparative review of equality data collection practices in the European Union Data collection in the field of ethnicity. Available at: https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2021-09/data_collection_ in_the_field_of_ethnicity.pdf. (Accessed on 29 May 2023)
Knežević, A. (2007). The influence of subjective criteria usage as an official principle nationality identification in censuses to manifestation Gypsies ethnic identity. Glasnik srpskog geografskog društva (87)1, 79–88. [In Serbian]
Knežević, A. (2017). Floating ethnic groups in demographic research – Methodological problems, approaches and examples. Annales-Series Historia et Sociologia, 27 (2), 439–456. [In Serbian]
Knežević, A. (2022). The Methodological Issues of Census Ethnostatistics in the Light of Contemporary Migration Trends in Serbia, Migracijske i etničke teme, 38 (2), 125–148. https://doi.org/10.11567/met.38.2.1 [In Serbian]
Knežević, A., Radić, N. (2016). Categorization of ethnic identity in population censuses: Between theoretical understandings and statistical practice. Stanovništvo, 54 (2), 59–81. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV161122010K [In Serbian]
Lazić, M. (2011). Waiting for capitalism. Beograd: Službeni glasnik. [In Serbian]
Makstat (2022). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of North Macedonia, 2021 – first dataset, Release No: 2.1.22.10, Year LX, State Statistical Office Skopje, 30. 3. 2022. https://www.stat.gov.mk/pdf/2022/2.1.22.10-mk-en.pdf [In Macedonian]
Marković Krstić, S. (2021). Population in a sociological context. Niš: Filozofski fakultet
Мerkel, W., Kollmorgen, R., Wagner H. J. (eds.) (2019). The Handbook of Political, Social and Economic Transformation, London: Oxford University Press
Ministry of human and minority rights of Serbia and Montenegro (2004). Ethnic mosaic of Serbia, according to data from the 2002 Population Census. Available at:https://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G2002/pdf/G20024061.pdf [In Serbian]
Mrđen, S. (2002). Nationality in censuses. Changeable and Inconstant Category. Stanovništvo, 1–4, 77–103.
Monstat (2011). Population of Montenegro by sex, type of settlement, ethnicity, religion and mother tongue, per municipalities, Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Montenegro 2011, Montenegro Statistical Office, Release No: 83 Podgorica, 12 July 2011. Available at: www.monstat.org/userfiles/file/popis2011/saopstenje/saopstenje(1). pdf. [In Serbian]
Penev, G. (2012). Ethnic structure of the population of the Balkan countries at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, Teme 36 (4), 1535–1557. Available at http://teme2.junis.ni.ac.rs/public/journals/1/previousissues/teme4-2012/teme%204-2012-04.pdf [In Serbian]
Petrović, R. (1983). Long-term changes in the ethnic structure in SR Serbia, Zbornik Filozofskog fakulteta, XIII-2, Beograd, 141–163.
Radovanović, S. (2005). Two centuries of census in Serbia. Demografija (2), 33–43. [In Serbian]
Radovanović, S., Knežević, A. (2014). Roman People in Serbia. Beograd: Republički zavod za statistiku. [In Serbian]
Raduški, N. (2001). National minorities and inter-ethnic relations in the Balkans. Sociološki pregled, 35 (1–2), 75–91. DOI: 10.5937/socpreg0101075R [In Serbian]
Raduški, N. (2010). Sociodemographic and ethnocutural characteristics of minorities in Serbia. Sociološki pregled, 34 (2), 247–263. DOI: 10.5937/socpreg1002247R. [In Serbian]
Raduški, N. (2013). Ethnical process and national minority in Serbia – Census 2011. Nova srpska politička misao, Available at: http://www.nspm.rs/kuda-ide-srbija/etnicki-procesi-i-nacionalne-manjine-u-srbiji-po-popisu-2011.-godine.html. [In Serbian]
Raduški, N. (2023). National, Linguistic and religious identity of the population in Serbia. Baština, (59), 171–183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina33-31153. [In Serbian]
RZS (2003). Population. Ethnicity: data by settlements, 2002 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, Book 1, Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia [RZS]. Available at: https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2002/Pdf/G20024001.pdf.
RZS (2012). Population. Ethnicity: data by municipalities and cities, 2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, Book 1, Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia [RZS]. Available at: https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2012/Pdf/G20124001.pdf.
RZS (2023). Population. Ethnicity: data by municipalities and cities, 2022 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, Book 1, Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia [RZS]. Available at: https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2023/Pdf/G20234001.pdf
RZS (2023a). Population. Ethnicity: data by municipalities and cities, 2022 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings. Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, [RZS] data on request, NacionalnostStarostProsecnaStar_opstine.xlsx [In Serbian]
Selimović, S. (2001). Serbian Muslims and their denationalization. Glasnik Zavičajnog muzeja, Pljevlja, 2, 163–181. [In Serbian]
Simon, P. (2007). ‘Ethnic’ statistics and data protection in the Council of Europe countries. Thematic report of the “European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI)”. Strasbourg: Council of Europe. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/library-document/ethnic-statistics-and-data-protection-council-europe-countries-study-report-0_en.
Stojadinović, M., Matić, P. (2009). Countries in the maelstrom of transition. Srpska politička misao, 4/2009, 307–324. https://doi.org/10.22182/spm.2642009.15. [In Serbian]
Stojšin, S. (2018). Population – sociological perspective, Novi Sad: Filozofski fakultet. [In Serbian]
Stojšin, S. (2015). Ethnic Diversity of Population in Vojvodina at the Beginning of the 21st Century. European Quarterly of Political Attitudes and Mentalities, 4 (2), 25–37. Available at: https://sites.google.com/a/fspub.unibuc.ro/european-quarterly-of-political-attitudes-and-mentalities
SZS (1992). Population by nationality, Census 1991, Beograd: Savezni zavod za statistiku [SZS]. Available at: publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G1991/Pdf/G19914020.pdf.