Republička izborna komisija kao četvrta grana vlasti – izazovi i perspektive

Ključne reči: Republička izborna komisija, izborna administracija, izborna tela, izbori, institucionalni dizajn

Sažetak


Autor rada analizira trenutni status Republičke izborne komisije (RIK) i naglašava potrebu za promenom, kako bi ona od postojećeg partijskog tela sa slabim kapacitetima, postala neutralnija, snažnija i nezavisnija institucija. Na osnovu rešenja iz uporedne prakse, predlaže se nekoliko mera koje je moguće preduzeti na tom putu. Prvo, neophodno je promeniti trenutni način izbora članova RIK-a kojim se generiše stranački uticaj na ovo telo. Pored ovoga, potrebno je dati duži mandat članovima kako bi se omogućila veća nezavisnost RIK-a od aktuelne konstelacije političkih snaga i obezbedila mogućnost da se preduzmu temeljni i konkretni koraci s ciljem obezbeđivanja boljeg izbornog procesa. Aktivnosti koje se tiču izbora, a koje osim RIK-a trenutno obavlja još nekoliko organa, treba centralizovati i poveriti profesionalnoj izbornoj administraciji, kako bi se otklonila nepotrebna komunikacija RIK-a sa ovim telima, te celokupan proces organizovanja i kontrole izbora učinio jednostavnijim i koherentnijim. Implementiranje ovih rešenja moglo bi voditi ka tome da RIK, u okolnostima narušenih institucionalnih kapaciteta države i malog broja bočnih faktora koji mogu da utiču na unapređivanje demokratskog procesa, bude game changer i doprinese slobodnijim i poštenijim izborima.

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