Maoizam: analiza njegovog razvoja i odnosa prema nacionalnom pitanju

Stefan Mandić

doi:10.5937/socpreg59-54370

Stefan V. Mandić Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet, Odeljenje za sociologiju, Beograd (Srbija) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-4436

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg59-54370

Ključne reči: Kina, maoizam, nacija, nacionalizam

Sažetak

Većinu intelektualnih krugova i političkih pokreta radikalne levice, kako klasične, tako i savremene, uglavnom karakteriše negativan, indiferentan ili instrumentalistički odnos prema naciji i nacionalnom pitanju. Suprotno tome, maoizam je pokazivao veću spremnost da razmatranje promene i revolucije ne vezuje jedino za delovanje klase, već i delovanje nacije. Drugim rečima, maoizam se nije libio da teži ideološkoj radikalnosti i revolucionarnosti, ali i da istovremeno bude nacionalan, zbog čega predstavlja specifični oblik radikalne levice vredan detaljnije naučne analize. Stoga, osnovni cilj ovog rada je utvrđivanje najbitnijih karakteristika maoističke teorije i ideologije, put idejne evolucije u okviru maoizma i način na koji maoizam poima naciju. U prvom delu rada biće analiziran istorijski kontekst koji je doveo do pojave maoizma. Uslediće potom pregledna istorija Kineske komunističke partije, pretežno u periodu kada je Mao Cedung (Mao Zedong; Mao Tse-tung) bio na njenom čelu. Drugi deo rada baviće se analizom osnovnih karakteristika maoizma, njegovim odnosom prema nacionalnom pitanju i njegovim uticajem na druge političke pokrete.

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