Geographical index of concentration as an indicator of the spatial distribution of tourist attractions in Belgrade
Keywords:
tourist attractions, spatial distribution, geographical index, Belgrade
Abstract
The spatial structure of tourist attractions can be presented both qualitatively and quantitatively. One of the indicators of the spatial structure of tourism is the index of geographical concentration of tourist attractions. The geographical concentration of tourist attractions represents the ratio of the number of tourist attractions in the observed area and its structural parts and the total number of structural units of the analyzed area. This paper aims to determine the spatial distribution of attractions in the administrative territories of Belgrade municipalities and to establish correlations with tourist attendance. The number and spatial distribution of accommodation capacities are the largest in the central city municipalities so that the number of visitors is the largest in them. At the same time, the central city municipalities have the highest concentration of tourist attractions. For data collection, the authors used field research, OSM (Open Street Maps), Google maps, with software processing ArcGIS 10.2. The research results enabled the definition of the model of distribution of tourist attractions and indicated its application. This model of distribution of tourist attractions shows that they are mostly concentrated in the city center. This also means a small spatial connection of tourist attractions in the city center and peripheral parts.
References
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Jun, Y., Lin, Y.R. 2010. Research on spatial structure of national A-Grade tourist districts of Wuhan metropolitan area. Economic Geography 30(2), 324-328.
Kang, S., Lee, G., Kim, J., Park, D. 2018. Identifying the spatial structure of the tourist attraction system in South Korea using GIS and network analysis: An application of anchor-point theory. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 9, 358-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.04.001
Kirilenko, A.P., Stepchenkova, S.O., Hernandez, J.M. 2019. Comparative clustering of destination attractions for different origin markets with network and spatial analyses of online reviews. Tourism Management 72, 400-410.
Krešić, D. 2007. Faktori atraktivnosti turističkih destinacija u funkciji konkurentnosti. Acta turistica 19 (l), 45-82.
Kušen, E. 2002. Turistička atrakcijska osnova. Institut za turizam, Zagreb.
Lew, A. A. 1987. A Framework of Tourist Attraction Research. Annals of Tourism Research 14(4), 553-575.
Mcintyre, G., Hetherington, A., Inskeep, E. 1993. Sustainable tourism development: guide for local planners. UNWTO, Madrid.
Mihalič, T. 2000. Environmental management of a tourist destination: a factor of tourism competitiveness. Tourism Management 21 (1), 65-78.
Odum, C.J., Akukwe, T.I., Andrew-Essien, E., Eja, I.E. 2018. Spatial Distribution of Ecotourism Resources in Anambra State: A Nearest Neighbour Analysis Approach. American Journal of Social Sciences 6(3), 29-38.
Opštine i regioni u Republici Srbiji. 2019. Republički zavod za statistiku, Beograd (In Serbian).
Pan, J.H. 2012. Spatial accessibility of scenic spot at 4A level and above in China. Scientia geographica sinica 32(11), 1322-1327.
Pan. J.H. 2013a. Analysis on spatial structure of A-Grade science spots in China based on quantitative geography model. Economic geography 33(9), 154-160.
Pan, J.H. 2013b. Measurements for spatial accessibility of national forest parks in China. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin 22(9), 1181-1187.
Pan, J.H., Ma, C., Li, J.F. 2014. Spatial structure of A-grade tourist attractions in Gansu. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment 28(7), 188-193.
Pan, J.H, Li, J.F., Cong, Y. 2015. Quantitative Geography Analysis on Spatial Structure of A-Grade Tourist Attractions in China. Journal of Resources and Ecology 6(1), 12-20. DOI:10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2015.01.002
Pavlović, S., Vesić, M. 2019. Cultural attractions of Belgrade in focus of touristic offer. Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva 99(1), 91-114 (in English and Serbian)
Peng, X., Huang, Z. 2017. A Novel Popular Tourist Attraction Discovering Approach Based on Geo-Tagged Social Media Big Data. International Journal of Geo-Information 6(7). doi:10.3390/ijgi6070216
Ritchie, B. J., Crouch, G. I. 2005. The competitive destination: a sustainable tourism perspective. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Shen, Z.P. 2002. A Study on the Structure and the Development Allocation of Tourist Resources in the Economic Belt of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge in China. Scientia geographica sinica 22(2), 176‒183.
Sousa Guedes, A., Martin Jimenez, I. 2015. Spatial patterns of cultural tourism in Portugal. Tourism Management Perspectives 16, 107-115.
Stanković, S. M., Vojčić, V. 2007. Mesto turizma u privredi Beograda. Zbornik radova – Geografski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu 55, 95-104. (in Serbian)
Truchet, S., Piguet, V., Aubert, F., Callois, J.M. 2016. Spatial influence of attractions on tourism development. Tourism Geographies 18(5), 539-560.
Todorović, N. 2015. Analiza sadržaja putopisnih blogova kao sredstvo identifikacije elemenata turističkog imidža Beograda. U: D. Filipović, S. Đurđić (Ur.), 4. Srpski kongres geografa – Zbornik radova mladih istraživača, (187–192). Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu – Geografski fakultet. (in Serbian with English summary)
Todorović, N., Deđanski, V. 2016. Značaj i razmeštaj turističkih atrakcija u Beogradu. 4. kongres geografa Bosne i Hercegovine (Zbornik apstrakata), 129. Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Sarajevo.
Wang, R., Shi, H.C., Wang, D. 2016. Spatial Structure Analysis Of Tourist Attraction In Lanzhou Based On GIS. In: Y. Shu, G. Chang, Z. Luo (Eds.), International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Society (EMCS 2016), (1185-1188). Shenyang: Atlantis Press.
Wang, T., Wang, L., Ning, Z.Z. 2018. Spatial pattern of tourist attractions and its influencing factors in China. Journal of Spatial Science 65(2), 327-344. DOI: 10.1080/14498596.2018.1494058
Weber, S., Mikačič, V. 1995. Determinante atraktivnosti turističkih destinacija županija u Hrvatskoj. Turizam 43 (3-4), 52-65.
Wei, W., Hua, C. J. 2012. Research on spatial structure of scenic spot in Zhejiang province based on geographic-mathematics method. Tourism Research 4(3), 39-44.
Wu, H., Gu, C., Ma, R.. Xu, X. 2003. Research on Tourism Structure Characteristics in Jiangsu Province. Scientia Geographica Sinica 23(6), 755–761.
Xu, B., Pan, J. 2019. Spatial distribution characteristics of national protected areas in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences 29(12), 2047-2068. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-019-1704-0
Yuan, J., Yu, R.L. 2010. Research on spatial structure of national A-Grade tourist districts of Wuhan metropolitan area. Economic Geography 30(2), 324-328.
Zhao, J. 2018. Research on Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Mechanism of 4A Level and Above Tourism Scenic Spots in Henan Province. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 186(6), 12-43. doi :10.1088/1755-1315/186/6/012043
Zhu, Z., Cao, J., Weng, C. 2018. Location-Time-Sociality Aware Personalized Tourist Attraction Recommendation in LBSN. In: W. Shen, J. Luo, J.P. Barthes, F. Dong, J. Zhang, H. Zhu (Eds.), IEEE 22nd International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD), (636-641). Nanjing: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. doi: 10.1109/CSCWD.2018.8465179
