Svest o HIV/AIDS i drugim infekcijama prenosivim seksualnim putem među crnogorskim pomorcima

Ljiljana R Jovićević; Milan Parlić; Jasmina Stevanović; Tatjana R Novaković; Snežana Barjaktarović-Labović; Marija  Milić

doi:10.2298/VSP160914059J

Ljiljana R Jovićević Health Centre Bar, Sanitary-Epidemiological Service, Bar, Montenegro
Milan Parlić University of Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
Jasmina Stevanović University of Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
Tatjana R Novaković University of Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
Snežana Barjaktarović-Labović Health Centre Bar, Sanitary-Epidemiological Service, Bar, Montenegro
Marija Milić Health Centre Bar, Sanitary-Epidemiological Service, Bar, Montenegro

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP160914059J

Keywords: hiv, stav prema zdravlju, ljudi, kadar, vojni, ankete i upitnici

Abstract

Apstrakt

Uvod/Cilj. Virus humane imunodeficijencije (HIV) i dalje je jedan od najvažnijih problema javnog zdravstva i do sada je odneo više od 35 miliona života. Pomorci spadaju u grupu radnika migranata čiji su radni i životni uslovi skučeni na duže vreme. Način života koji vode stavlja pomorce u visok rizik od infekcije prouzrokovane HIV-om i drugim seksualno prenosivim infekcijama. Cilj rada bio je procena nivoa znanja o HIV-u i drugim polno prenosivim infekcijama među pomorcima u Crnoj Gori. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno od oktobra 2014. do aprila 2015. godine kao studija preseka i obuhvatalo je 543 ispitanika. Instrument istraživanja bio je posebno strukturisan upitnik zatvorenog tipa, kreiran prema programu Ujedinjenih nacija za HIV/sindrom stečene imunodeficijencije (AIDS) (UNAIDS) koji se koristio u međunarodnim i domaćim istraživanjima. Za statističku obradu podataka korišćen je SPSS 20.0. Rezultati. Rezultati ukazuju na to da je samo 42,9% ispitanika znalo da se od HIV-a i drugih polno prenosivih infekcija može zaštititi pravilnom i redovnom upotrebom kondoma. Više od jedne trećine ispitanika (38,9%) nije znalo da se HIV može preneti seksualnim odnosom sa osobom koja izgleda zdravo, dok je 25,6% smatralo da se HIV ne može preneti na taj način. S obzirom na stepen obrazovanja, statistički značajna razlika utvrđena je u odnosu na znanje o prenošenju HIV-a deljenjem obroka sa osobom koja je inficirana HIV-om (p = 0.001). Statistički značajna razlika utvrđena je i informisanost ispitanika u odnosu na prenošenju HIV-a korišćenjem javnih toaleta (p = 0.004). Zaključak. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su da i pored toga što je unapređen nivo znanja pomoraca u Crnoj Gori o HIV infekciji i drugim polno prenosivim bolestima u odnosu na 2008. godinu, sedam godina kasnije znanje pomoraca još uvek nije na zadovoljavajućem nivou.

References

REFERENCES

Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (GARPR). 2016. Construction of core indicators for monitoring the 2011 Unit-ed Nations Political Declaration on HIV and AIDS. Ge¬neva, Switzerland: UNAIDS; 2016.

World Health Organization. Consolidated guidelines on HIV pre¬vention, diagnosis, treatment and care for key populations. Geneva, Switzerland; World Health Organization; 2016. Avail¬able from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/128048/1/9789241507431_eng.pdf?ua=1.

Jadranin Ž, Dedić G, Vaughan F, Grillo MP, Šuljagić V. The im-pact of an educational film on promoting knowledge and atti-tudes toward HIV in soldiers of the Serbian Armed Forces. Vojnosanit Pregl 2015; 72(7): 569–75.

Jovićević LJ, Labović I, Terzić N, Strahinja R, Novaković T, Barjak-tarović-Labović S. Knowledge about HIV / AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections among tourist workers in Mon-tenegro. Med J Montenegro 2011; 11: 95.

Greiner N, Knežević B, Mustajbegović J, Zavalić M. HIV/AIDS Man¬ual in Occupational Medicine and Sport. Zagreb: IOM; 2006. (Croatian)

Mugoša B, Backović A, Marjanović A, Jovićević LJ, Terzić N. Rapid Assessment and Response on HIV/AIDS in a particularly vul-nerable group of young people in Montenegro (men who have sex with men, commercial sex workers). Podgorica: UNICEF and Institute of Public Health; 2008. P. 82.

Stulhofer A, Brouillard P, Nikolić N, Greiner N. HIV/AIDS and Croatian migrant workers. Coll Antropol 2006; 30 Suppl 2: 105–14.

Letter Montenegro. 2012. Available from: http: //www.plovidba.me

Institute of Public Health, Center for Disease Control . An-nual report on HIV/AIDS in Montenegro in 2008. Podgorica: In¬stitute of Public Health; 2009.

Institute of Public Health, Center for Disease Control . An-nual report on HIV/AIDS in Montenegro for 2014. Podgorica: In¬stitute of Public Health; 2015.

Mugoša B, Jovićević LJ, Terzic N, Strahinja R, Backović A. Rapid As¬sessment and Response to HIV/ AIDS in a particularly vulnerable group of young people in Montenegro. Podgorica: Public Health Institute; 2002.

Jovićević LJ, Terzic N, Strahinja R, Labović I, Novaković T. The level of awareness, sexual behavior and attitudes of seafarers in relation to HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. Bar: NGO protection Bar; 2008. p. 63–4.

Mugoša B, Laušević D, Vratnica Z, Terzić N, Labović I, Jovićević LJ. The survey of knowledge, attitudes and behavior in relation to HIV/AIDS in the population of sailors in Montenegro. Podgorica: Public Health Institute; 2013.

Government of the Republic of Montenegro. HIV/AIDS Strat¬egy for the Republic of Montenegro 2005–2009. Podgorica: Government of the Republic of Montenegro; 2005.

Government of the Republic of Montenegro. HIV/AIDS Strat¬egy for the Republic of Montenegro (2010–2014.). Pod-gorica: Government of the Republic of Montenegro; 2010.

Government of the Republic of Montenegro. The strategy to combat HIV/AIDS in Montenegro (2015–2020). Podgorica: Government of the Republic of Montenegro; 2015.

Sesar Z. Epidemiological study of HIV infection in domestic and foreign seamen on long navigations. Rijeka: Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka; 1998. (Croatian)

Oldenburg M, Baur X, Schlaich C. Occupational risks and chal-lenges of seafaring. J Occup Health 2010; 52(5): 249–56.

Acaroglu R. Knowledge and attitudes of mariners about AIDS in Turkey. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2007; 18(1): 48–55.

Mulić R, Vidan P, Polak N. HIV infection among seafarers in Croatia. Int Marit Health 2010; 62(4): 209–14.

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS). Monitoring the declaration of com-mitment on HIV AIDS: Guidelines on construction of core indicators, 2010 reporting. [cited 2011 Apr 4]. Available from: http://data.unaids.org/pub/manual/2009/jc1676_core_indi-cators_2009_en.pdf.

Grappasonni I, Paci P, Mazzucchi F, Amenta F. Survey on HIV risk perception and sexual behaviours among seafarers. Int Marit Health 2011; 62(2): 131–7.

Stulhofer A, Lausević D, Bozicević I, Baćak V, Mugoba B, Terzić N, et al. HIV risks among female sex workers in Croatia and Montenegro. Coll Antropol 2010; 34(3): 881–6.

Grbic M, Ilic V, Baros S, Ciprus V, Tadzic J, Grbic R, et al. The re¬search on female partners of injecting drug users-gender as-pect and risk of HIV. Retrovirology 2012; 9(Suppl 1): P96.

Grbic M, Dimitrijevic V, Petkovic N, Maricic A, Reichenberg J, Zajeg¬anovic J, et al. HIV/AIDS and human rights in legislation of the Republic of Serbia. Retrovirology 2010; 7: P160.