Attachment and emotional regulation in adolescents with depression

Zeljka Kosutic; marija mitkovic voncina; vesna dukanac; milica lazarevic; ivana rakovic dobroslavic; mina soljaga; aleksandar peulic; mina duric; danilo pesic; zagorka bradic; Dusica Lecic tosevski

doi:10.2298/VSP160928060K

Zeljka Kosutic Institute of mental health
marija mitkovic voncina
vesna dukanac
milica lazarevic
ivana rakovic dobroslavic
mina soljaga
aleksandar peulic
mina duric
danilo pesic
zagorka bradic
Dusica Lecic tosevski

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP160928060K

Keywords: adolescenti, depresija, emocije, afektivno vezivanje

Abstract

Apstrakt

Uvod/Cilj. Afektivno vezivanje i veštine emocionalne regulacije prepoznati su kao značajni faktori u nastanku depresije, ali su retko razmatrane njihove specifičnosti u adolescentnoj kliničkoj populaciji. Naše istraživanje imalo je za cilj da ispita razlike u afektivnom vezivanju i strategijama emocionalne regulacije kod adolescenata sa depresijom. Metode. Uzorkom je bio obuhvaćen 101 adolescent, starosti 16 do 24 godine, od toga 41 adolescent sa dijagnozom depresivnog poremećaja, 30 adolescenata sa dijagnozom anksioznog poremećaja i 30 zdravih adolescenata (bez psihijatrijske dijagnoze). U istraživanju su primenjeni sledeći instrumenti: opšti Socio-demografski upitnik, Strukturisani klinički intervju (SCID-I) za Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za duševne poremećaje – IV izdanje (DSM-IV), Bekov upitnik za procenu depresivnosti, Inventar afektivnog vezivanja prema roditeljima i vršnjacima i Upitnik o emocionalnoj regulaciji. Međugrupne razlike analizirane su MANCOVA metodom, a povezanost parcijalnom korelacijom, uz pol, starost i red rođenja kao kovarijante. Rezultati. U grupi depresivnih adolescenata, afektivno vezivanje za majku i za vršnjake bilo je nesigurnije nego kod zdravih adolescenata, a vezivanje za oca nesigurnije u odnosu na ostale dve grupe (MANCOVA F = 4,571; p = 0,000). Adolescenti sa dijagnozom anksioznog poremećaja imali su nesigurnije afektivno vezivanje za oca i za vršnjake u odnosu na adolescente bez psihijatrijske dijagnoze (p < 0,05). Depresivni adolescenti ređe su koristili veštinu kognitivnog promišljanja u odnosu na obe kontrolne grupe (MANCOVA F = 5,200, p = 0,001). Subjektivni doživljaj depresivnih simptoma bio je povezan sa nesigurnim afektivnim vezivanjem za oba roditelja i vršnjake (r = -0,457; -0,436, -0.349 respektivni, p = 0,000) kao i sa slabijom upotrebom kognitivnog promišljanja (r = -0,446; p = 0,000). Zaključak. Naši rezultati upućuju na povezanost nesigurnog afektivnog vezivanja u svim domenima nesigurnog afektivnog vezivanja i depresije u adolescentnom periodu, uz specifičnu slabost emocionalne regulacije (slabo kognitivno promišljanje). Dobijeni nalazi mogu imati praktične implikacije za kreiranje preventivnih i terapijskih intervencija.

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