Evaluation of dental health among adolescents with mental disorders

Vladan Djordjević; Mila  Jovanović; Sanja Čolić; Milena Stašević; Amina Asotić; Saša Čakić; Ivana Stašević Karličić; Ljubomir  Todorović

doi:10.2298/VSP180717156D

Vladan Djordjević Clinic for Mental Disorders “Dr. Laza Lazarević” Belgrade, Serbia
Mila Jovanović University in Belgrade, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
Sanja Čolić Community Health Center “Vračar”, Belgrade, Serbia
Milena Stašević Clinic for Mental Disorders “Dr. Laza Lazarević” Belgrade, Serbia
Amina Asotić University of Travnik, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health, Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Saša Čakić University in Belgrade, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
Ivana Stašević Karličić Clinic for Mental Disorders “Dr. Laza Lazarević” Belgrade, Serbia
Ljubomir Todorović University of Travnik, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health, Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP180717156D

Keywords: mentalni poremećaji, adolescenti, usta, zdravlje

Abstract

Uvod/Cilj. Prema podacima Svetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO), sve više je mentalnih poremećaja među decom i adolescentima širom sveta. Ranije sprovedena istraživanja pokazala su da osobe sa mentalnim poremećajima, bez obzira na starost, imaju veću učestalost karijesa, što se objašnjava na više načina. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se odredi prevalencija karijesa kod adolescenata sa mentalnim poremećajima i razmotre mogući faktori rizika koji bi mogli doprineti zdravlja njihovih zuba. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno po tipu opservacione studije preseka. Studijsku grupu je činilo 70 slučajno odabranih hospitalizovanih adolescenata sa mentalnim poremećajima. Kontrolnu grupu je činilo 70 slučajno odabranih mentalno zdravih adolescenata, koji su po polu i starosti odgovarali bolesnicima studijske grupe. Svim bolesnicima je izvršen detaljan stomatološki pregled, prema kriterijumima preporučenim od strane SZO. Podaci o mentalnim poremećajima adolescenata prikupljeni su iz istorija bolesti. Svi dobijeni podaci analizirani su deskriptivnim statističkim parametrima i regresionim modelima. Rezultati. Većina ispitanika studijske grupe bolovala je od shizofrenije, shizotipskih poremećaja i sumanutih poremećaja (F20-F29), kao i od poremećaja ponašanja i poremećaja emocija sa početkom u detinjstvu i adolescenciji (F90-F98). Skoro 90% ispitanika studijske grupe je lečeno antipsihoticima druge generacije, u vidu monoterapije ili u kombinaciji sa antipsihoticima prve generacije. Adolescenti sa mentalnim poremećajima imali su znatno više karijesnih i ekstrahovanih zuba od zdravih adolescenata i tri puta manje zuba sa postavljenim ispunima. Srednja vrednost karijes, ekstrahovan, plombiran zub (KEP) indeksa, bila je, takođe, statistički značajno veća u studijskoj nego u kontrolnoj grupi ispitanika. Zaključak. Čini se da mentalni poremećaji kod adolescenata uglavnom indirektno utiču na oralno zdravlje, smanjujući motivaciju za održavanjem oralne higijene.

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