Comparative evaluation of titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin with and without herbal extract: a histological study

Shiva Shankar Gummaluri; Kaarthikeyan Gurumoorthy; Trinath Kishore Damera; Anusha Boddeda; Tejaswi Kodem; Sivaram Lekkala

doi:10.2298/VSP240117030G

Shiva Shankar Gummaluri *GITAM Dental College and Hospital, †Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Kaarthikeyan Gurumoorthy GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India; Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Department of Periodontology, India
Trinath Kishore Damera *GITAM Dental College and Hospital, †Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Anusha Boddeda *GITAM Dental College and Hospital, †Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Tejaswi Kodem *GITAM Dental College and Hospital, †Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sivaram Lekkala GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP240117030G

Keywords: drug delivery systems;, histological techniques;, periodontitis;, plants;, platelet-rich plasma.

Abstract

Background/Aim. Injecting herbal extract into platelet concentrates is one of the newer treatment protocols, which enables platelet concentrates to act as sustained drug delivery (DD) systems. Histological analysis of titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) injected with herbal extract, could help assess the appearance (pattern) and structural changes of T-PRF. The aim of the study was to evaluate the appearance of the fibrin network, cellularity, and fibrin border area of T-PRF alone and T-PRF injected with herbal extract. Methods. A total of 40 histological slides were prepared from 10 mL of blood from each patient, 20 with T-PRF alone and 20 with T-PRF+herbal extract. The slides were divided into a group consisting of T-PRF injected with neem gel (test group) and a group consisting of T-PRF alone (control group). The preparation protocol was made according to Bankroft’s manual adapted for light microscopy. Results. Regarding the fibrin network features (dense vs. loose), no statistical significance was found among the studied groups (p = 0.172). A statistically significant difference was shown in the packeting (p = 0.018) and layered (p = 0.028) patterns of the fibrin network, and there was no statistically significant difference in the scattered (p = 0.749) pattern among the examined groups. Cellularity and cell pattern values were not statistically significantly different for both groups (p = 1.00, p = 0.3111, respectively). Moreover, the values determined for red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets were not statistically significantly different (p = 0.147), as well as for the fibrin border area between cells and meshwork (p = 0.206). Conclusion. The obtained results could be useful for the development of a new treatment strategy in dentistry, by utilizing T-PRF with incorporated herbal extracts or antibiotics, as a local sustained DD system.

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