USLOVI I REZULTATI PROMENA PROPISA U OBLASTI ŽIVOTNE SREDINE (DVADESET GODINA OD POČETKA PROCESA EVROPEIZACIJE U REPUBLICI SRBIJI)
(Dvadeset godina od početka procesa evropeizacije u Republici Srbiji)
Ključne reči:
EU integracije, evropeizacija, propisi u oblasti životne sredine, usklađivanje propisa, sprovođenje, transpozicija
Sažetak
Proces evropeizacije, pod čime se ovde razume usklađivanje nacionalnih propisa sa propisima Evropske unije (EU), je složen proces uslovljen različitim društveno-ekonomskim i političkim uslovima. Više od devet godina Republika Srbija (RS) je država kandidat za članstvo u EU. Postupak pripreme i usvajanja propisa delomično je promijenjen, kao odgovor na definisane ciljeve. Međutim, postupak još uvijek ne obezbeđuje potpuno uvažavanje specifičnih uslova i mogućnosti privrede i društva RS. Osim toga, proces usklađivanja i sprovođenja propisa suočen je s nizom drugih izazova. Uzimajući kao primer zakonodavstvo RS u oblasti životne sredine i procenjujući uslove pod kojima su propisi u oblasti životne sredine pripremaju i sprovode, rad daje prikaz glavnih rezultata i ograničenja procesa evropeizacije. Podaci pokazuju da su ostvareni rezultati u usklađivanju propisa i sprovođenju onih koji su već usklađeni sa propisima EU. Usvojeni su gotovo svi ključni zakoni u oblasti životne sredine, kao i ogroman broj podzakonskih akata. Međutim, veliki troškovi sprovođenja predstavljaju jednu od dugoročnih prepreka za potpuno ostvarivanje ciljeva evropeizacije.
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Kramer J.M. (2004). EU Enlargement and the Environment: Six Challenges. Environmental Politics. 13(1). 290-311.
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Vučić M (2017) Equity and the use of shared water resources. Collection of Papers, Faculty of Law Niš. 56(75). 107-127.
Zhelyazkova A, Yordanova N. (2015). Signalling ‘Compliance’: The Link between Notified EU Directive Implementation and Infringement Cases. European Union Politics. 16(3). 408-28.
Börzel T, Dimitrova A and Schimmelfennig F. (2017). European Union enlargement and integration capacity: concepts, findings, and policy implications. Journal of European Public Policy. 24(2). 157-176.
Carmin J, Vandeveer S.D. (2004). Enlarging EU Environments: Central and Eastern Europe from Transition to Accession. Environmental Politics. 13(1). 3-34.
Commission of the European Communities (1997) Guide to the Approximation of the EU Environmental Legislation, revised and updated version of SEC (97) 1608 of 25.08.1997, 12.
Decision on the Establishment of the Commission for Harmonisation of the Legal System of FRY with Legislations of the European Union and the Council of Europe, Official Gazette of FRY, No. 45/1996.
Dimitrakopoulos D.G. (2001). The Transposition of EU Law: ‘Post-Decisional Politics’ and Institutional Autonomy. European Law Journal. 7(4). 442-458.
Duic D, Petrasevic T. (2019). Five Years of Application of EU Law: An Analysis of Cases Involving Breaches of EU Law against the Republic of Croatia and References for Preliminary Ruling by Croatian Courts. Croatian Academy of Legal Sciences Yearbook. 10. 65-96.
EC (2020a) Serbia 2020 Report. European Commission, SWD(2020) 352 final, Brussels, 6.10.2020.
EC (2020b) Enhancing the accession process - A credible EU perspective for the Western Balkans, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, Brussels, 5.2.2020 COM(2020) 57 final.
EC (2019a) Serbia 2019 Report. European Commission, SWD(2019) 219 final, Brussels, 29.5.2019.
EC (2019b) Guide to the Approximation of European Union Environmental Legislation, European Commission, Last update: 02/08/2019. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/guide/contents.htm (12.7.2021).
Economides S, Ker-Lindsay J. (2015). ‘Pre-Accession Europeanization’: The Case of Serbia and Kosovo. Gender, Work and Organization. 53(5). 1027-1044.
Fernandez A.M, Font N, and Koutalakis, C. (2010). Environmental governance in Southern Europe: the domestic filters of Europeanization. Environmental Politics. 19(4). 557-577.
Giupponi C, Gain A.K. (2017). Integrated spatial assessment of the water, energy and food dimensions of the Sustainable Development Goals. Regional Environmental Change. 17(7). 1881-1893.
GOV RS. (2012). Report on International Assistance to the Republic of Serbia in 2011. Government of the Republic of Serbia.
GOV RS. (2011). National Strategy for Approximation of Laws in the Environmental Field, http://www.misp-serbia.rs/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/EAS-Strategija-SRP-FINAL.pdf. Accessed on February, 22 2021.
GOV RS. (2010a). Waste Management Strategy 2010-2019. OJ RS, 29/10.
GOV RS. (2010b). Conclusion of the Government of RS, OJ RS, 34/10.
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=RS. Accessed on February 10, 2021.
https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/countries/detailed-country-information/serbia_en. Accessed on January 15, 2021.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ten00002/default/table?lang=en Accessed on February 1, 2021.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/sdg_01_10/default/table?lang=en Accessed on February 1, 2021.
http://www.mei.gov.rs/eng/funds/eu-funds/. Accessed on January 20, 2021.
https://www.mei.gov.rs/eng/funds/eu-funds/ipa-instrument-for-pre-accession-assistance/instrument-for-pre-accession-assistance-2014-2020/. Accessed on February 21, 2021.
https://rsjp.gov.rs/cir/misljenja-na-propise-i-djp/?godina=2020&tip_misljenja=misljenja&pretraga=%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%98%D0%B5&prikazi=10#misljenja-filter. Accessed on July 4, 2020.
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http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/documents/2016/AIR/Trend_tables/Trend_Tables_IC_151123_NOX.pdf. Accessed on February 1, 2021.
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC?locations=RS. Accessed on February 19, 2021.
Hulla & Co Human Dynamics. (Ed). (2015-2016) Handbook on the Implementation of EU Environmental Legislation. ECRAN – Environment and Climate Regional Accession Network, 23.
Inglis K. (2004). Enlargement and the Environment Acquis. RECIEL. 13(2). 135-151.
Jenny M, Muller W.C. (2010). From the Europeanization of Lawmaking to the Europeanization of National Legal Order: the Case of Austria. Public Administration. 88(1). 36-56.
Kaeding M. (2008). In Search of Better Quality of EU regulations for Prompt Transposition: The Brussels Perspective. European Law Journal. 14(5). 583-603.
Kaeding M. (2006). Determinants of Transposition Delay in the European Union. Journal of Public Policy. 26(3). 229-253.
Kramer J.M. (2004). EU Enlargement and the Environment: Six Challenges. Environmental Politics. 13(1). 290-311.
Kružikova E. (2004). EU Accession and Legal Change: Accomplishments and Challenges in the Czech Case. Environmental Politics. 13(1). 99-113.
Konig T, Brooke L. (2009). Troubles with Transposition? Explaining Trends in Member-State Notification and the Delayed Transposition of EU Directives. B.J.Pol.S. 39(1). 163-194.
Law on State Administration, Official Gazette RS, No. 79 (2005), 101(2007), 95(2010), 99(2014), 30(2018), 47(2018)
Law on the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia, Official Gazette RS, 9 (2010)
Law on the Planning System of the Republic of Serbia, Official Gazette RS, 30 (2018)
MAEP. (2015). Transposition and Implementation of Environmental and Climate Change Acquis – Chapter 27: Status and Plans. Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Belgrade.
MEI. (2018). National Programme for the Adoption of the EU Acquis, Third version, Ministry of European Integration, Belgrade. http://www.mei.gov.rs/upload/documents/nacionalna_dokumenta/npaa/npaa_2018_2021.pdf. Accessed on February 15, 2021
Musa A. (2015). Adjustments of the Process of Law-Making to the European Integration: Novelties and Challenges. Croatian Academy of Legal Sciences Yearbook. 6. 3-40.
Pejović A.A. (2020). Instrument pretpristpune podrške Evropske unije 2007-2027 (The Instrument of Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) of the European Union 2007-2027). Evropsko zakonodavstvo. 72. 16-29.
Reiniger B. (2004). Challenges of Environmental Protection in Hungary. JEEPL. 1(1). 61-65.
Rotka J. (2004). Harmonisation of Polish Legislation with the Water Framework Directive. JEEPL. 1(3). 200-206.
Rules of Procedure of the Government, Official Gazette RS, No. 61 (2006), 69 (2008), 88 (2009), 33 (2010), 69 (2010), 20 (2011), 37 (2011), 30 (2013), 76 (2014), 8 (2019).
Rules of Procedure of the National Assembly of RS, Official Gazette RS, 20 (2012).
Rules of Procedure of the Federal Government, Official Gazette FRY, 67 (1994).
Schmidt V.A. (2002). Europeanization and the mechanics of economic policy adjustment. Journal of European Public Policy. 9(6). 894-912.
Sedelmeier U. (2011). Europeanisation in new member and candidate states. Living Reviews in European Governance. 6(1). 1-52.
Sedelmeier U. (2008). After conditionality: post-accession compliance with EU law in East Central Europe. Journal of European Public Policy.15(6). 806-825.
SO RS. (2018). The Statistical Pocketbook of the Republic of Serbia. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade.
Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA), Official Gazette RS, 83 (2008).
Stahl B. (2013). Another 'strategic accession’? The EU and Serbia (2000–2010). Nationalities Papers. 41(3). 447-468.
Author. (2020). ‘Air Quality’ in regulations of the Republic of Serbia and the European Union (From an ambiguous definition to a complex air protection system), Collection of papers Faculty of Law Niš. 87. 37-54.
Author (2017). ‘Europeanization’ of the Republic of Serbia Law: Between (un)clear goals and (in)appropriate indicators, In: B. Milisavljević, T. Jevremović Petrović, M. Živković (Eds). Law and Transition, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Law, Belgrade, 45-56.
Author (2018). Transboundary cooperation of Western Balkan states in the field of water resource management: Between the existing treaties and a new international treaty. Environmental Science & Policy. 89. 67-72.
Tzifakis N. (2012). Bosnia’s Slow Europeanization. Perspectives on European Politics and Society. 13(2). 131-148.
UN. (1992). United Nation Security Council, S/RES/757 (1992), 30 May 1992.
UNEP. (2002). Depleted Uranium in Serbia and Montenegro, Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
UNGA. (1992). Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, (Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992), Report of the Credentials Committee, A/CONF.151/26 (Vol. IV), 28 September 1992, point. 14. http://www.un.org/documents/ga/conf151/aconf15126-4.htm Accessed on January 20, 2019
Uniform Methodological Rules for Regulations Elaboration, Official Gazette RS, 21 (2010)
Vukasović V, Author. (2021). Environmental Law in Serbia, Wolters Kluwer.
Vučić M (2017) Equity and the use of shared water resources. Collection of Papers, Faculty of Law Niš. 56(75). 107-127.
Zhelyazkova A, Yordanova N. (2015). Signalling ‘Compliance’: The Link between Notified EU Directive Implementation and Infringement Cases. European Union Politics. 16(3). 408-28.
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2021/10/28
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