SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT PROMOTION AND PROTECTION AGREEMENTS
Abstract
Sustainable development goals represent the paradigm of international politics of the 21st century. Their importance is also reflected in the growing number of national and international legal sources that directly or indirectly prescribe provisions for their affirmation. The international investment law, as a diverse set of international legal sources traditionally focused on the protection of foreign investments, has been increasingly linked to the requirements for contributing to the sustainable development of the host state. This paper analyzes the provisions of international investment agreements (IIAs) in the context of various aspects of sustainable development. Preambles, substantive and procedural provisions of bilateral and other international agreements containing provisions on investment protection were analyzed. The conclusion is that in the existing corpus of IIAs, still a smaller number of them contain provisions important for sustainable development, but that a trend can be observed of increasingly frequent incorporation of these "modern" provisions into newly signed agreements, as well as into the modern model BITs.
References
Atanacković, U., „Društveno odgovorno poslovanje kao savremeni koncept biznisa“, Škola biznisa 1/2011, 143–148.
Bjorklund, A. K., „Sustainable Development and International Investment Law“, in: Research Handbook on Environment and Investment Law (K. Miles, ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing, 38–68, 2019.
Brundtland, G. H., Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, United Nations General Assembly document A/42/427, 1987.
Gordon, K. & Pohl, J., „Environmental Concerns in International Investment Agreements: A Survey“, OECD Working Papers on International Investment 2011/01, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1787/5kg9mq7scrjh-en.
Дивљак, Д., „Правни значај заштите животне средине у праву страних улагања“, Зборник радова Правног факултета у Новом Саду XLVII(2)/2013, 199–213.
Dolzer, R. & Schreuer, C., Principles of International Investment Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008.
Ђундић, П., „Експропријација у међународном приватном праву инвестиција“ (докторска дисертација), Правни факултет у Новом Саду, 2010.
Ђундић, П., „Потенцијална реформа српске мреже двостраних споразума о заштити и подстицању улагања: прилика за нови почетак“, Зборник радова Правног факултета у Новом Саду 1/2022, 145–169.
Ђундић, П., „Процесне претпоставке за примену клаузуле о ускраћивању погодности у инвестиционој арбитражи: зашто је тешко рећи не?“, Зборник радова Правног факултета у Новом Саду 53(3)/2019, 933–954.
Zagel, G., „Achieving Sustainable Development Objectives in International Investment Law“, in: Handbook of International Investment Law and Policy, (J. Chaisse, L. Choukroune & J. Sufian, Eds.), 1 ed., Springer Nature, 2020, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5744-2_57-1
International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), A Sustainability Toolkit for Trade Negotiators: Trade and Investment as vehicles for achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. Доступно на: https://www.iisd.org/toolkits/sustainability-toolkit-for-trade-negotiators/about-us/ (14.09.2022).
Maupin, J. A., „Public and Private in International Investment Law: An Integrated Systems Approach“, Virginia Journal of International Law 54/2014, 367–435. https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3128/
Павићевић, В. „Реформа билатералних инвестиционих споразума – од кризе легитимитета до инструмента социјалне и еколошке правде“, Стране инвестиције у Србији – нови погледи (др Сања Јелисавац Трошић, ур.), Институт за међународну политику и привреду, Београд, 2019, 188–208.
Peels, R., Echeverria Manrique, E., Aissi, J. & Schneider, A., ILO Research Paper No. 13, Corporate social responsibility in international trade and investment agreements: Implications for states, business and workers, 2016. Доступно на: wcms_476193.pdf (ilo.org) (12.09.2022).
Ракић, Г., „Поштен и правичан третман страног улагача као правни стандард у међународном инвестиционом праву“ (докторска дисертација), Правни факултет у Новом Саду, 2019.
Ridi, N., „Shifting Paradigms in International Investment Law: More Balanced, Less Isolated, Increasingly Diversified“, European Journal of International Law 27(2)/2016, 545–551. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chw025
Schacherer, S. & Hoffmann, R. T. „International investment law and sustainable development“. in: Research Handbook on Foreign Direct Investment, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2019, 563–595.
Schrijver, N., „Chapter 16 2019 AIIB Law Lecture: The Rise of Sustainable Development in International Investment Law“, in: The Role of International Administrative Law at International Organizations, Brill | Nijhoff, Leiden, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004441033_017
Schrijver, N., The Evolution of Sustainable Development in International Law: Inception, Meaning and Status, Brill | Nijhoff, Leiden, 28 Feb. 2009. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047444466.
Schreuer, C., „Fair and equitable treatment“, in: A. K. Hoffmann (Ed.), Protection of foreign investment through modern treaty arbitration: diversity and harmonization, Association Suisse de l’Arbitrage, Basel, 2010, 125–135.
Станивуковић, Маја Д., Основни елементи за реформу клаузуле о решавању спорова између улагача и државе у двостраним споразума Србије о заштити инвестиција, Хармонизација српског и мађарског права са правом Европске уније, Правни факултет у Новом Саду, Центар за издавачку делатност, 2022, 57–84.
Titi, C., „The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law (Revisited)“, Courses of the Summer School on Public International Law 18, International and Comparative Law Research Center, 2022. Доступно на: https://iclrc.ru/storage/publication_pdf/SSPIL-2021_18_Catharine-Titi_1652862758.pdf (11.12.2022).
Titi, C., „Police Powers Doctrine and International Investment Law“, in: F. Fontanelli, A. Gattini and A. Tanzi (Eds.), General Principles of Law and International Investment Arbitration, Brill, 2018, p. 323–343.
UNCTAD, Recent Developments in the IIA Regime: Accelerating IIA Reform, 2021. Доступно на: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/diaepcbinf2021d6_en.pdf (11.12.2022).
UNCTAD, Expropriation, UNCTAD Series on Issues in International Investment Agreements II, New York, Geneva, UN, 2012.
UN General Assembly, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1, 2015. Доступно на: https://www.refworld.org/docid/57b6e3e44.html (04.09.2022).
United Nations, Agenda 21: programme of action for sustainable development, Negotiated by Governments at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), 3–14 June 1992, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1992. A/CONF.151/26/REV.1. United Nations, New York. Доступно на: http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/Agenda21.pdf (14.09.2022).
Chi, M., Sustainable development provisions in investment treaties. ARTNeT Secretariat, United Nations ESCAP, 2018. Доступно на: https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/SustainableDevelopmentProvisionsinInvestmentTreaties.pdf (11.12.2022).