Razmatranje nove tipologije naselja u Srbiji
Sažetak
Podela naselјa/područja na urbana i ruralna je tradicionalno primenjivana u statističkom izveštavanju širom sveta. Ovi izveštaji se koriste kao baza za kreiranje i implementaciju razvojnih politika i mera. Ipak, međunarodne politike poput onih kreiranih u okviru Evropske unije (EU), kao i nacionalne politike, pokazuju tendenciju ka prepoznavanju, definisanju i izdvajanju prelaznih tipova naselјa. Plan implementacije Prostornog plana Republike Srbije (2010) pozvao je na kreiranje nove definicije pojma „naselјe” i kriterijuma za određivanje nove tipologije naselјa do kraja 2015. godine. Osim teoretskog doprinosa, ovaj cilј nije dostignut. S druge strane, shodno svom statusu zemlјe koja pristupa EU, ova zajednica očekuje od Srbije kreiranje i primenu trihotomne tipologije. U tom svetlu, ovaj rad ima za cilј da analizira i diskutuje novu kategorizaciju naselјa imajući u vidu aspekte broja kategorija, broja varijabli, odabira varijabli i teritorijalni nivo na kojem bi se prikuplјali podaci. Ovi aspekti su testirani empirijski na setu podataka prikuplјenom u Anketi o prihodima i uslovima života (SILC) u Srbiji. Podaci su analizirani kroz dva pristupa: deskriptivnom i klaster analizom.U diskusiji je povučena paralela sa primerima iz drugih zemalјa i drugim teoretskim preporukama, a na osnovu toga su date i preporuke za Srbiju.
Reference
Albrecht, W. (2006). Experiences with Grids at Eurostat, Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics, Kongsvinger, Norway.
Baiocchi, G., Creutzig, F., Minx, J., Pichler, P.P. (2015). A spatial typology of human settlements and their CO2 emissions in England, Global Environmental Change 34, pp. 13-21.
Bengs, C. & Schmidt-Thomé, K. (2006): Urban-rural relations in Europe, ESPON 1.1.2 – Final Report. Helsinki: Centre for Urban and Regional Studies. Helsinki University of Technology.
Beyazli, D., Aydemir, S., Öksüz, A.M., Özlü, S. (2017). Rural typology with and inductive approach, Int J Environ Res 11, pp. 225-241.
Bogdanov, N., Meredith, D., Efstratoglou, S. (2008). A Typology of Rural Areas in Serbia, Economic Annals 177, pp. 7-29.
Brezzi, M., Dijkstra, L., Ruiz, V. (2011). OECD Extended Regional Typology: The Economic Performance of Remote Rural Regions, OECD Regional Development Working Papers 2011/06, Paris, OECD Publishing. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5kg6z83tw7f4-en
Central Europe Cooperation for Success (2012): European Rural Futures - O 3.2.2 Final definition and delineation of rural areas in Central Europe. Retrieved from http://apps.thueringen.de/imperia/md/content/eurufu/en/media/outputs/wp3/322_final_definition_and_delineation_of_rural_areas_in_ceu_121016_onep.pdf
Croatian Bureau of Statistics (2011). Model diferencijacije urbanih, rururlnih i prijelaznih naselja u Republici Hrvarskoj (The Model for the Differentiation of Urban, Rural and Semi-Urban Settlements in the Republic of Croatia), Ostroški, Lj. (ed.). Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics.
Cvijić, J. (1905). Naselja i poreklo stanovništva, Srpski geografski zbornik, Srpska Kraljevska Akademija, knjiga 22, Beograd.
Čurović, Ž., Popović, S. G. (2014). Typological classification of settlements in the rural hinterland of the bay of Boka Kotorska, Agriculture & Forestry 60(4), pp. 275-289.
Dossaa, L. H., Abdulkadir, A., Amadou, H., Sangare, S., Schlecht, E. (2011). Exploring the diversity of urban and peri-urban agricultural systems in Sudano-Sahelian West Africa: An attempt towards a regional typology, Landscape and Urban Planning 102, pp. 197-206.
Drobnjaković, M., Pantić, M., Filipović, M. (2014). Regional Level in Function of Demographic Decline Mitigation in Rural Areas of Serbia: Case Study of the District of Zaječar, Zbornik Matice Srpske 148, pp. 777-91.
Drobnjaković, M., Vuksanović-Macura, Z., Spalević, A., Todorić, J. (2017). Researching and planning the rural space: the work of Branislav Kojić, Journal of Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA 67(2), pp. 195–211.
Drobnjaković, M. (2019). Methodology of typological classification in the study of rural settlements in Serbia, Journal of Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA 69(2), pp. 157–173.
Eder, J. (2019). Peripheralization and knowledge bases in Austria: towards a new regional typology, European Planning Studies, 27:1, pp. 42-67.
European Commission (1999). ESDP – European Spatial Development Perspective: Towards Balanced and Sustainable Development of the Territory of the European Union. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
European Commission (2010). EUROPE 2020 – a European Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth, Brussels, European Commission.
European Commission (2012). The Common Agricultural Policy – a Partnership between Europe and Farmers, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
European Conference of Ministers Responsible for Regional Planning (2000). Guiding Principles of Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent, Hanover, Council of Europe.
European Spatial Planning Observation Network [ESPON] (2018). ESPON Database Portal. Retrieved from http://database.espon.eu/db2/resource?idCat=43.
European Union [EU] (2020). Territorial Agenda 2020, Agreed at the informal meeting of Ministers responsible for Spatial Planning and Territorial Development and/or Territorial Cohesion, 1 December 2020, Germany.
EUROSTAT (2018): Degree of urbanisation classification - 2011 revision. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Degree_of_urbanisa
tion_classification_-_2011_revision
Filip, S., Gavra, A. (2006). Ways of optimising regional planning: settlement typology. case study: the Baia Mare Depression, Romanian Review of Regional Studies II(2), pp. 58-63.
Gajić, A. (2015). Различити методолошки приступи у дефинисању руралних и урбаних подручја (Different Methodological Approaches in Defining Rural and Urban Areas). Arhitektura i urbanizam 41, pp. 63-67.
Gajić, A., Krunić, N., Protić, B. (2018): Towards a new methodological framework for the delimitation of rural and urban areas: a case study of Serbia. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 118(2), pp. 160-172.
Gajić, A., Krunić, N., Protić, B. (2021). Classification of Rural Areas in Serbia: Framework and Implications for Spatial Planning. Sustainability 13, 1596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041596
Gren, Å., Andersson, E. (2018). Being efficient and green by rethinking the urban-rural divide – Combining urban expansion and food production by integrating an ecosystem service perspective into urban planning, Sustainable Cities and Society 40, pp. 75-82.
Isserman A. M. (2005). In the national interest: defining rural and urban correctly in research and public policy (USA), International Regional Science Review 28(4), pp. 465–499.
Kojić, B. (1969). Struktura seoskih naselja u Srbiji, Glas 273 SANU, Odeljenje društvenih nauka 14, pp. 113–129.
Kojić, B., Simonović, Đ. (1975). Seoska naselja Srbije. Beograd: Izdavačko-informativni centar studenata.
Laurin, F., Pronovost, S., Carrier, M. (2020). The end of the urban-rural dichotomy? Towards a new regional typology for SME performance, Journal of Rural Studies 80, pp. 53-75.
Lukić, V. (2011). Dnevne migracije radnika u sistemu naselja Srbije, Stanovništvo 2/2011, pp. 25-50.
Lukić, A. (2012). Mozaik izvan grada: tipologija ruralnih i urbaniziranih naselja Hrvatske, Sociologija i prostor 50 (2012) 193 (2), pp. 282-284.
Macura, M. (1954). Jedan nov kriterij za razgraničenje gradskog i seoskog stanovništva (Radni dokument II godišnjeg sastanaka Jugoslovenskog statističkog društva). Beograd: Jugoslovensko statističko društvo.
Matković, G., Krstić, G., Mijatović, B. (2015). Srbija - Prihodi i uslovi života 2013 [Serbia - Income and Life Conditions 2013], Belgrade: Republički zavod za statistiku.
Milošević, M.V., Milivojević, M., Ćalić, J. (2011). Spontaneously Abandoned Settlements in Serbia – Part 2, Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA 2(61), pp. 26-35.
Mitrović, M. (2015). Sela u Srbiji. Beograd: Republički zavod za statistiku Srbije.
Muller, E., Jappe-Heinze, A., Héraud, J.A., Zenker, A. (2006). A regional typology of innovation capacities in new member States & candidate countries, Arbeitspapiere Unternehmen und Region R1/2006, Fraunhofer ISI, Karlsruhe, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0011-n-357899
Nejašmić, I., Mišetić, R. (2010). Sintetični pokazatelj demografskih resursa: doprinos tipologiji hrvatskog prostora, Hrvatski geografski glasnik 72/1, pp. 49 – 62.
Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development [OECD] (2011). OECD Regional Typology, Directorate for Public Governance and Territorial Development.
Pantić, M., Živanović Miljković, J. (2010). Regional Differences between Rural Areas of Serbia in Population Aging and Agricultural Activities: Case Studies of the Inđija and Knjaževac Municipalities. SPATIUM International Review 22, pp. 29-37.
Pantić, M. (2014). Sustainable Development Perspectives for Mountain Areas of Serbia: Lessons from the European Context (Doctoral thesis). QUCOSA - Quality Content of Saxony. Retrieved from urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-144339.
Pantić, M. (2016). SILC i tipologija naselja: Statistička analiza opravdanosti trihotomne podele naselja. In Sekundarne analize podataka dobijenih kroz istraživanje anketa o prihodima i uslovima života (SILC), Mladenović, B. (ed.). Belgrade: Tim za socijalno uključivanje i smanjenje siromaštva Vlade Republike Srbije i Program Ujedinjenih nacija za razvoj.
Pantić, M. (2019). Izazovi demografskih promena u planinskim područjima Srbije [Demographic Change Challenges in Serbian Mountain Areas], Belgrade, IAUS.
Pizzoli, E., Gong, X. (2007). How to Best Classify Rural and Urban? Retrieved from www.researchgate.net/publication/228466634_How_to_Best_Classify_Rural_and_Urban
Program implementacije Prostornog plana Republike Srbije od 2010. do 2020. godine za period od 2011. do 2015. godine [Program of Implementation of the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia from 2010 to 2020, for the period 2011 to 2015] (2011). Belgrade, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia 102/2011.
Pumain, D. (2004). An Evolutionary Approach to Settlement Systems, A. Champion, E. G. Hugo (eds.) New Forms of Urbanisation: Beyond the Urban-Rural Dichotomy, pp, 229-246. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Pušić, Lj., Pajvančić Cizelj, A. (2014). Značaj klasifikacija naselja kao osnove za sociološke analize strukturnih promena u savremenim društvima. Šljukić, S., Ristić, D. (eds.) Strukturne promene u savremenim društvima, pp. 99-118. Novi Sad: Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu.
Rodrigues, M. (2015): A spatial typology for settlement pattern analysis in small islands, GeoFocus 15, pp. 3-26.
Rudež, Z. (1981). Prilog metodama za utvrđivanje kvaliteta naselja – grafička metoda, Sociologija sela 19(73/74), pp. 107-118.
Sekulić, D. (1984). Kvantitativni aspekti kvalitativne metodologije – tipologije u društvenim znanostima, Revija za sociologiju 14(3-4), pp. 249-258.
Stamenković, S. (1987). Neki aspekti proucavanja dnevnih migracija stanovništva za potrebe prostornog planiranja, Zbornik radova XII Kongresa geografa Jugoslavije (Novi Sad), pp. 412-415.
Stamenković, S. (2004). Neka aktuelna pitanja prostorne organizacije mreže naselja i relevantni demografski problemi u Srbiji, Demografija I, pp. 115-132.
Stojanović, B. (1990). Prostorno-demografske karakteristike – promene u razmeštaju stanovništva [Spatio-Demographic Characteristics – Changes in Population Distribution]. In Problemi demografskog razvoja Srbije (165-173). Belgrade, Centar za demografska istraživanja – Institut društvenih nauka Univerziteta u Beogradu.
Strategija poljoprivrede i ruralnog razvoja Srbije za period od 2014-2024. godine [Agricultural and Rural Development Strategy for the period 2014-2024] (2014). Belgrade, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia 85/2014.
Strategija za smanjenje siromaštva u Srbiji [Poverty Reduction Strategy in Serbia] (2003). Adopted by the Government of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved from www.kirs.gov.rs/docs/SSS_u_Srbiji_Rezime_i_matrice.pdf
Svirčić Gotovac, A. (2006). Kvaliteta stanovanja u mreži naselja Hrvatske, Sociologija sela 44 (2006) 171 (1), pp. 105-126.
The Employment and Social Reform Programme in the European Union Accession Process (2016). Adopted by the Government of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved from socijalnoukljucivanje.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ESRP-sr.zip
The New Degree of Urbanization (2011). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Degree_of_urbanisation_classification_-_2011_revision
Van Eupen, M., Metzger, M.J., Pérez-Soba, M., Verburg, P.H., van Doorn, A., Bunce, R.G.H. (2012). A rural typology for strategic European policies, Land Use Policy 29(3), pp. 473-482.
Zakon o poljoprivredi i ruralnom razvoju [The Law on Agricultural and Rural Development] (2009, amended 2013 and 2016). Belgrade, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia 41/2009, 10/2013, and 101/2016.
Zakon o Prostornom planu Republike Srbije od 2010. do 2020. godine [Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia from 2010-2020] (2010). Belgrade, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia 88/2010.
Zhang, X. (1998). On discrimination of rural definitions, Acta Geographica Sinica 53(4), pp. 365-371.
Živanović, Z. (2018). Prilog diskusiji o tipologiji naselja Srbije, Demografija 15, pp. 33-49.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2021 Arhitektura i urbanizam
Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Deli pod istim uslovima 4.0 međunarodnom licencom.