Engl. DIETARY AND LIFESTYLE HABITS OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN SUBOTICA
Keywords:
type 2 diabetes mellitus, eating habits, physical activity, alcohol consumption
Abstract
Introduction: The activities of the health care service in the control of diabetes and the improvement of glucoregulation of patients are primarily focused on lifestyle modification. The goal of this study was to review the recommendations in the field of adequate nutrition and lifestyle and to assess the health behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes in Subotica.
Methodology: The research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study in February 2017 at the Diabetes Counseling Center of the Health Center in Subotica, Serbia. The study included 114 patients with type 2 diabetes. The research instrument consisted of a customized survey questionnaire.
Results: Only a third of the patients actually consumed at least five meals a day, as suggested as part of the treatment. Three-quarters of patients always prepare their own meals, but 41% of them never read the declarations about the ingredients of the food they consume. 20% of patients didn’t know how to assemble a healthy plate and what low-carbohydrate foods are. Two-thirds of patients use dietary supplements. A relatively small number, one-quarter of patients, consumed alcoholic beverages and 22 patients were active smokers. More than half of the patients exercised lightly, although 68% of them were dissatisfied with their body weight.
Conclusion: We identified some deficiencies in the health behavior and lifestyle of people with diabetes. It’s recommended to repeat the information on proper nutrition and the importance of physical activity in achieving ideal health and optimal glucoregulation during the educational work with patients.
References
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26. Carney TA. Knowledge, comfort level and the perceived role of nurses in promoting nutritional management of diabetes. Master Thesis. Chestnut, Philadelphia: Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3300.
27. Doheny K. Mediterranean Edges Out DASH for Best Diet of 2019 [Internet]. Medscape, WebMD, New York [uploaded Jan 2019, cited Jan 2019]. Available from:
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28. Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Chiodini P, Panagiotakos D, Giugliano D. A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses. BMJ. 2015;5(8):e008222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008222.
29. Archundia Herrera MC, Subhan FB, Chan CB. Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in People with Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Obes Rep. 2017;6(4):405-13. doi: 10.1007/s13679-017-0284-5.
30. Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Brinton EA, et al. Rationale and design of REDUCE-IT: Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial. Clin Cardiol 2017;40:138-148. doi: 10.1002/clc.22692.
31. Guasch-Ferré M, Merino J, Sun Q, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017; 2017: 6723931. doi: 10.1155/2017/6723931.
32. Drehmer M, Odegaard AO, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Cardoso LO, Matos SMA, Molina MDCB, Barreto SM, Pereira MA. Brazilian dietary patterns and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet-relationship with metabolic syndrome and newly diagnosed diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2017;13;9:13. doi: 10.1186/s13098-017-0211-7.
33. Lai YJ, Hu HY, Lee YL, Ko MC, Ku PW, Yen YF, Chu D. Frequency of alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(3):1368-72. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.930.
34. Wakabayashi I. Inverse association of light-to-moderate alcohol drinking with cardiometabolic index in men with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2018;12(6):1013-7. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.06.016.
35. Liang Z, Qiu QY, Wu JH, Zhou JW, Xu T, Zhang MZ, Zhang YH, Zhang SY. Alcohol Drinking, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes: A Population-based Prospective Cohort Study among Inner Mongolians in China. Biomed Environ Sci. 2016;29(8):555-62. doi: 10.3967/bes2016.074.
36. Śliwińska-Mossoń M, Milnerowicz H. The impact of smoking on the development of diabetes and its complications. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2017;14(4):265-76. doi: 10.1177/1479164117701876.
37. Wakabayashi I. Relationship between Smoking and Cardiometabolic Index in Middle-Aged Men. Clin Lab. 2016;62(6):1045-51. doi: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.150939.
38. Jenkins DW, Jenks A. Exercise and Diabetes: A Narrative Review. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2017;56(5):968-74. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2017.06.019.
39. Alhaik S, Anshasi HA, Alkhawaldeh J, Soh KL, Naji AM. An assessment of self-care knowledge among patients with diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019;13:390-4. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.010.
40. Gvozdanović Z, Farčić N, Placento H, Lovrić R, Dujmić Ž, Jurić A, et al. Diet Education as a Success Factor of Glycemia Regulation in Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16204003.
2. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th ed. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2019. https://www.diabetesatlas.org/en/resources/.
3. Rezultati istraživanja zdravlja stanovništva Srbije, 2019. Beograd: Ministarstvo zdravlja Republike Srbije i Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije ,,Dr Milan Jovanović Batut”; 2021. https://www.batut.org.rs/download/publikacije/ZdravljeStanovnistva2019.pdf.
4. Incidencija i mortalitet od dijabetesa u Srbiji, 2019. Registar za dijabetes u Srbiji. Izveštaj br. 14. Beograd: Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije ,,Dr Milan Jovanović Batut”; 2019. https://www.batut.org.rs/download/publikacije/Dijabetes2019.pdf.
5. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2019. Abridged for Primary Care Providers. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(Suppl.1):S1-S178.
https://clinical.diabetesjournals.org/content/37/1/11.
6. Dale B, Soderhamn U. Nutritional self-care among a group of older home-living people in rural Southern Norway. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2015;(8):67-74. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S75521.
7. Wichit N, Mnatzaganian G, Courtney M, Schulz P, Johnson M. Randomized controlled trial of a family-oriented self-management program to improve self-efficacy, glycemic control and quality of life among Thai individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;123:37-48. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.11.013.
8. Franz MJ, MacLeod J, Evert A, Brown C, Gradwell E, Handu D, Reppert A, Robinson M. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Nutrition Practice Guideline for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: Systematic Review of Evidence for Medical Nutrition Therapy Effectiveness and Recommendations for Integration into the Nutrition Care Process. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017;117(10):1659-79. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.03.022.
9. Republička stručna komisija za izradu i implementaciju vodiča dobre kliničke prakse. Nacionalni vodič dobre kliničke prakse – Dijabetes Melitus. Beograd: Ministarstvo zdravlja Republike Srbije; 2013.
10. Sami W, Ansari T, Butt NS, & Hamid MRA. Effect of diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2017;11(2):65-71.17.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5426415/.
11. Diabetes NSW & ACT. Carbohydrate counting and diabetes [Internet]. Sydney (Australia): The Diabetic Association of Australia [updated 2014, cited Jan 2018]. Available from: https://diabetesnsw.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Carb-counting.pdf.
12. Bowen ME, Cavanaugh KL, Wolff K, Davis D, Gregory RP, Shintani A, et al. The diabetes nutrition education study randomized controlled trial: A comparative effectiveness study of approaches to nutrition in diabetes self-management education. Patient Educ Couns. 2016;99(8):1368-76. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.03.017
13. Prašek M, Jakir A. Izračun prehrane u terapiji šećerne bolesti. Medix. 2009;15(80/81):177-84. https://hrcak.srce.hr/68990.
14. World Health Organization. Global Recom¬mendations on physical activity for health, 2010 [Internet]. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization [uploaded 2010, cited Apr 2018]. Avail¬able from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publica-tions/2010/9789241599979_eng.pdf?ua=1.
15. Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, Riddell MC, Dunstan DW, Dempsey PC, et al. Physical Activity / Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(11):2065-79. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-1728.
16. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes 2017. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(Suppl.1):S33-40.
https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/diacare/suppl/2016/12/15/40.Supplement_1.DC1/DC_40_S1_final.pdf.
17. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion & U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report [Internet]. Rockville, Maryland (America) [uploaded 2018, cited Feb 2018]. Avail¬able from: https://health.gov/paguidelines/second-edition/report/pdf/PAG_Advisory_Committee_Report.pdf.
18. López Zubizarreta M, Hernández Mezquita MÁ, Miralles García JM, Barrueco Ferrero M. Tobacco and diabetes: clinical relevance and approach to smoking cessation in diabetic smokers. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017;64(4):221-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2017.05.003
19. Li XH, Yu FF, Zhou YH, He J. Association between alcohol consumption and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(3):818-29. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.114389.
20. Diabetes Initiative. Project Participant Pre-test [Internet]. Kolorado (America): Center for African American Health; 2006 [cited Aug 2016]. Available from: http://www.diabetesinitiative.org/resources/tools/ToolsAssessmentInstruments.summary10-DENpre.html.
21. Kettering Health Diabetes & Nutrition Center. Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire [Internet]. Ohio (America): Kettering Health Diabetes & Nutrition Center [updated Aug 2016; cited Sept 2016]. Available from: http://www.ketteringhealth.org/diabetes/pdf/questionnaireKett.pdf.
22. Al-Maskari F, El-Sadig M, Al-Kaabi JM, Afandi B, Nagelkerke N, Yeatts BK. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Diabetic Patients in the United Arab Emirate. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e52857. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052857.
23. Okonta H, Ikombele J, Ogunbanjo G. Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding lifestyle modification in type 2 diabetic patients. Afr J Prim Health Care Family Med. 2014;6(1):e1-6. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v6i1.655.
24. Malekzadeh J, Pourali S, Behroozpour A, Amirian M, Malekzadeh F. Metabolic Control, Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Non-Insulindependent Diabetic Patients from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, SouthWest of Iran. Nutrition and Food Sciences Research. 2016:3(3):3-10. DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.nfsr.3.3.3.
25. Katona – Đureković A. Uticaj stepena zdravstvene kulture obolelih na tok šećerne bolesti. Doktorska disertacija. Novi Sad, Srbija: Medicinski Fakultet Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, 2011.
26. Carney TA. Knowledge, comfort level and the perceived role of nurses in promoting nutritional management of diabetes. Master Thesis. Chestnut, Philadelphia: Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3300.
27. Doheny K. Mediterranean Edges Out DASH for Best Diet of 2019 [Internet]. Medscape, WebMD, New York [uploaded Jan 2019, cited Jan 2019]. Available from:
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/907133?nlid=126970_2823&src=WNL_mdplsnews_190104_mscpedit_nurs&uac=298574MG&spon=24&impID=1852185&faf=1#vp_3.
28. Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Chiodini P, Panagiotakos D, Giugliano D. A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses. BMJ. 2015;5(8):e008222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008222.
29. Archundia Herrera MC, Subhan FB, Chan CB. Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in People with Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Obes Rep. 2017;6(4):405-13. doi: 10.1007/s13679-017-0284-5.
30. Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Brinton EA, et al. Rationale and design of REDUCE-IT: Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial. Clin Cardiol 2017;40:138-148. doi: 10.1002/clc.22692.
31. Guasch-Ferré M, Merino J, Sun Q, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017; 2017: 6723931. doi: 10.1155/2017/6723931.
32. Drehmer M, Odegaard AO, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Cardoso LO, Matos SMA, Molina MDCB, Barreto SM, Pereira MA. Brazilian dietary patterns and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet-relationship with metabolic syndrome and newly diagnosed diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2017;13;9:13. doi: 10.1186/s13098-017-0211-7.
33. Lai YJ, Hu HY, Lee YL, Ko MC, Ku PW, Yen YF, Chu D. Frequency of alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(3):1368-72. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.930.
34. Wakabayashi I. Inverse association of light-to-moderate alcohol drinking with cardiometabolic index in men with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2018;12(6):1013-7. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.06.016.
35. Liang Z, Qiu QY, Wu JH, Zhou JW, Xu T, Zhang MZ, Zhang YH, Zhang SY. Alcohol Drinking, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes: A Population-based Prospective Cohort Study among Inner Mongolians in China. Biomed Environ Sci. 2016;29(8):555-62. doi: 10.3967/bes2016.074.
36. Śliwińska-Mossoń M, Milnerowicz H. The impact of smoking on the development of diabetes and its complications. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2017;14(4):265-76. doi: 10.1177/1479164117701876.
37. Wakabayashi I. Relationship between Smoking and Cardiometabolic Index in Middle-Aged Men. Clin Lab. 2016;62(6):1045-51. doi: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.150939.
38. Jenkins DW, Jenks A. Exercise and Diabetes: A Narrative Review. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2017;56(5):968-74. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2017.06.019.
39. Alhaik S, Anshasi HA, Alkhawaldeh J, Soh KL, Naji AM. An assessment of self-care knowledge among patients with diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019;13:390-4. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.010.
40. Gvozdanović Z, Farčić N, Placento H, Lovrić R, Dujmić Ž, Jurić A, et al. Diet Education as a Success Factor of Glycemia Regulation in Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16204003.
Published
2025/12/21
Section
Originalni rad / Original article