Farmaceutska zdravstvena zaštita u terapiji Alchajmerove demencije
Sažetak
Alchajmerova bolest (AD) je neurodegenerativni poremećaj koji karakteriše progresivno oštećenje pamćenja i kognitivnih funkcija, kao i bihejvioralni poremećaj pacijenta. Farmaceutska zdravstvena zaštita je proces koji uključuje identifikaciju, rešavanje i sprečavanje pojave problema povezanih sa terapijom sa ciljem postizanja ishoda koji poboljšavaju kvalitet života pacijenta. AD se obično dijagnostikuje kod starijih pacijenata sa komorbiditetima i mogu se pojaviti različiti problemi u vezi sa terapijom. Potrebno je da farmaceuti posebno obrate pažnju na neželjene reakcije na lek, interakcije lekova i adherencu kod pacijenata sa AD. Uvođenje inhibitora acetilholinesteraze u terapiju može biti povezano sa neželjenim reakcijama na lek, kao što su dijareja, mišićni grčevi, umor, mučnina, povraćanje, nesanica, anoreksija, glavobolja i vrtoglavica, koji mogu biti prolazni ili zahtevati promenu leka. Upotrebu antiholinergičkih lekova, lekova koji izazivaju bradikardiju, antipsihotika i drugih lekova treba pažljivo razmatrati zbog potencijalnih interakcija navedenih lekova sa inhibitorima acetilholinesteraze, posebno rivastigminom. Adherenca može biti važan problem u vezi sa terapijom kod pacijenata sa AD zbog prirode bolesti, a veštine i znanja farmaceuta su neophodni da bi komunikacija sa pacijentima ili negovateljima bila odgovarajuća. Iako se učestalost AD povećava, nedostaje dokaza o uticaju farmaceutske zdravstvene zaštite na ishode terapije i kvalitet života pacijenata, stoga je potrebno više istraživanja u ovoj oblasti.
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