The Crime of Insult: Legal Regulation and Language Analysis of Insult in Court Judgements
Abstract
The importance of criminal law protection of honor and reputation and imprecise legal conceptual determination of insult, as a basic and general criminal offense against honor and reputation, pointed to the need to determine in theory and court practice the parameters that will help the courts when deciding whether in the particular case the criminal offense of insult exists or not. On this occasion, an objective criterion is applied, according to which an insulting statement is assessed from the aspect of existing customary, moral, and other norms in specific time and space. The variability of the concept of honor, which often changes its content and scope, also creates the need for language analysis of the degrading statements, which can sometimes be helpful in assessing whether in a particular case there is a criminal offense of insult or not. Connecting law with linguistics provides an interdisciplinary overview of the relationship of language, style, and composition of legal documents and their conditionality by specifics of individual fields of law. The attitude to the use of language which exists in legal theory and practice is significant and worth studying, and in the focus of interdisciplinary contribution to this issue, there is a criminal law overview of the use of language tools in criminal offenses against honor and reputation.
References
Avramović, D., Jovanov, I. (2017). Ograničenja Pokreta pravo i književnost – primer Sofokla. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 51 (2): 353‒368.
Avramović, S. (2017). Nušić i retorika u Srbiji. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 51 (1): 107‒121.
Badrov, S. (2007). Kaznena djela protiv časti i ugleda u hrvatskom kaznenom pravu, Pravnik: časopis za pravna i društvena pitanja, 41 (84): 61‒94.
Bahtin, M. (2013). Estetika jezičkog stvaralaštva. Sremski Karlovci ‒ Novi Sad: Izdavačka knjižarnica Zorana Stojanovića.
Bahtin, M. (1980). Marksizam i filozofija jezika. Beograd, Nolit.
Bahtin, M. (1978). Stvaralaštvo Fransao Rablea i narodna kultura srednjeg veka i renesanse. Beograd: Nolit.
Bujuklić, Ž. (2018). Doktorska disertacija pesnika Laze Kostića „De Legibus Serbicis Stephani Uros Dusan“. Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu, 66 (1): 22‒44.
Husinec, S. (2011). Metafora u pravnom diskursu. U Karabalić, V., Aleksa Varga, M., Pon, L., (ur.), Zbornik radova s 24. međunarodnog znanstvenog skupa Hrvatskog društva za primijenjenu lingvistiku „Diskurs i dijalog: Teorije, metode i primjena” (str. 69‒84). Osijek: Hrvatsko društvo za primijenjenu lingvistiku, Filozofski fakultet.
Huston, N. (2011). Agresija i jezik. Sarajevske sveske, 35/36: 75‒85.
Janić, A. (2017). Naučni pristup jednom tipu marginalizovane leksike u srpskom jeziku. Teme, 41 (4): 1149‒1151.
Krstić, P. (2011). Indeks opsovanog. Sarajevske sveske, 35/36: 54‒74.
Lazarević, Lj. (2011). Komentar krivičnog zakonika. Beograd: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta Union u Beogradu.
Mandić, M., Đurić, Lj. (2015). Psovka kao folklorni žanr: na primeru „j... ti sunce“. Savremena srpska folkloristika, 2: 291‒316.
Maričić, S. (2013). Govorni čin uvrede: elementi verbalne antiučtivosti u romanu Historias del Kronen. U S. Gudurić (ur.), Zbornik radova sa konferencije „Jezici i kulture u vremenu i prostoru”, II/1 (83‒96). Novi Sad: Filozofski fakultet.
Nežmah, B. (2011). Konceptualna nevolja: psovka vs. kletvica. Sarajevske sveske, 35/36: 85‒107.
Novoselec, P. (2016). Zaštita časti i ugleda u novom Kaznenom zakonu. Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu, 66 (4): 443‒468.
Ostin, Dž. (1994). Kako delovati rečima. Novi Sad: Matica Srpska.
Pavišić, B., Grozdanić, V., Veić, P. (2007). Komentar Kaznenog zakona. Zagreb: Narodne novine d.d.
Pavlović, M. (2005). Srpska pravna istorija. Kragujevac: Nadežda Pavlović.
Rančić, J. (2018). Vršnjačko nasilje na društvenim mrežama u Republici Srbiji. CM: Communication and Media, 43, 95‒124.
Ristivojević, B. (2012). Engleski kao nadmoćni jezik u međunarodnom krivičnom pravu. Crimen: časopis za krivične nauke, 3 (1): 53‒72.
Ristić, S. (2010). Diskurs psovki u srpskom jeziku. U V. Vasić (ur.), Diskursi i diskursi. Zbornik u čast Svenki Savić (str. 195‒212). Novi Sad: Filozofski fakultet.
Savić, S. (1995). Istraživanje savremenog gradskog kompleksa: upotreba psovki u konverzaciji. Naučni sastanak slavista u Vukove dane, 24 (1): 131‒133.
Serl, Dž. (1991). Govorni činovi: ogled iz filozofije jezika. Beograd: Nolit.
Silić, J. (2006). Funkcionalni stilovi hrvatskoga jezika. Zagreb: Disput.
Autor (2021). Opsceni izrazi sa semom i leksemom hleb u srpskom jeziku. U M. Kovačević (ur.), Hljeb u srpskom jeziku, književnosti i kulturi (str. 115‒128). Andrićgrad ‒ Višegrad: Andrićev institut.
Stojanović, Z., Delić, N. (2013). Krivično pravo, posebni deo. Beograd: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Pravna knjiga.
Šipka, D. (2011). Rečnik opscenih reči i izraza. Novi Sad: Prometej; Beograd: Kornet.
Tadić, Lj. (1995). Retorika: uvod u veštinu besedništva. Beograd: „Filip Višnjić”, Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju.
Tepavčević, D. (2004). Krivična djela protiv časti i ugleda, doktorska disertacija, Kragujevac: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu.
Vručina, P. (2018). Uvreda i fama publica u kasnosrednjevjekovnim istočnojadranskim komunama. Povijesni prilozi, 54 (54): 39‒63.
Živković, A. (2017). Da li je ugled i čast u Bosni i Hercegovini neophodno zaštiti krivičnim zakonodavstvom?, II deo, Izbor sudske prakse, 12: 66‒69.
Propisi:
EU Parliamentary Assembly Resolution 1557 (2007) - Towards decriminalisation of defamation.
Evropska konvencija za zaštitu ljudskih prava i osnovnih sloboda izmenjena u skladu sa Protokolom br. 11, Sl. glasnik RS - Međunarodni ugovori, br. 12/2010 i 10/2015.
Krivični zakonik, Službeni glasnik RS, br. 85/5005, 88/2005-ispr., 107/2005-ispr., 72/2009,111/2009, 121/2012, 104/2013, 108/2014, 94/2016 i 35/2019.
Sudska praksa:
- Osnovni sud u Kragujevcu, presuda br. 12K-902/17, 02.07.2018. godine.
- Osnovni sud u Kragujevcu, presuda br. 2K-1018/17, 09.11.2017. godine.
- Osnovni sud u Kragujevcu, presuda br. 15K-170/17, 09.03.2017. godine.
- Osnovni sud u Kragujevcu, presuda br. 7K-331/17, 27.10.2017. godine.
- Osnovni sud u Kragujevcu, presuda br. 4K-334/18, 22.08.2018. godine.
- Viši sud u Kragujevcu, presuda br. Kž1–393/18, 28.11.2018. godine.
- Vrhovni sud Jugoslavije, Rev. 241/64; Kž. 21/72.
8. Vrhovni sud Srbije, Kž. 34/78.
Copyright
Authors retain copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the non-exclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of reuse, and to distribute it in all forms and media.
Licensing
The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA). It is allowed to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and remix, transform, and build upon it for any purpose, even commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, it is indicated if changes were made and the new work is distributed under the same license as the original.
Users are required to provide full bibliographic description of the original publication (authors, article title, journal title, volume, issue, pages), as well as its DOI code. In electronic publishing, users are also required to link the content with both the original article published in CM: Communication and Media and the licence used.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Self-archiving policy
Authors are permitted to deposit author’s publisher's version (PDF) of their work in an institutional repository, subject-based repository, author's personal website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), at any time after publication.
Full bibliographic information (authors, article title, journal title, volume, issue, pages) about the original publication must be provided and links must be made to the article's DOI and the license.
Disclaimer
The views expressed in the published works do not express the views of the Editors and the Editorial Staff. The authors take legal and moral responsibility for the ideas expressed in the articles. Publisher shall have no liability in the event of issuance of any claims for damages. The Publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.