Terapijski odnos - analitička perspektiva
Sažetak
Najznačajniji faktor terapijske promene je terapijski odnos. U ovom radu razmotrićemo specifičnosti terapijskog odnosa iz perspektive analitičke odnosno jungovske psihoterapije. Najpre ćemo ukratko objasniti karakteristike terapijskog odnosa u klasičnoj, arhetipskoj i razvojnoj školi jungovske psihoterapije. Povezaćemo psihoterapijski proces sa pojmom individuacije i u tom kontekstu objasnićemo analitički pristup krizi i simptomu kao zastoju u procesu individuacije. Biće predstavljena različita stanovišta o transferu, od razvoja Jungovih originalnih ideja do najnovijih stanovišta o prirodi i korišćenju transfera i kontratransfera u terapijskom radu.
Posebno ćemo razmotriti koncept „ranjenog iscelitelja“. Ovu konstelaciju mogli bismo da razumemo kao arhetipsku osnovu za uspostavljanje analitičkog odnosa. Gugenbel-Kreg je predstavu „ranjenog iscelitelja“ proširio na polje svih pomažućih profesija. Ovaj arhetip ima dva pola; prvi se manifestuje kroz zdravlje, moć, sposobnost, dok se drugi pol ovog arhetipa manifestuje kroz nemoć, bolest, pasivnost, nesposobnost, zavisnost. Često se dešava da se za ulogu lekara i psihoterapeuta vezuje samo jedan pol ove predstave. Drugi pol arhetipa – nemoć i bolest – vezuju se za ulogu pacijenta, dok, zapravo, i terapeut, kao i kljent, nosi u sebi potencijale oba suprotstavljena pola (zdravlja i bolesti). Ranjeni iscelitelj razume i leči upravo svojom ranom, koja nikada do kraja ne zarasta i predstavlja zajedničko iskustveno polje i za terapeuta i za klijenta.
Proces oporavka možemo razumeti i kao proces aktiviranja „unutrašnjeg iscelitelja“ kod naših pacijenta. Nakon završetka terapijskog procesa, oni se oslanjaju na svoj unutrašnji potencijal za ozdravljenje i oporavak koji nije samo proizvod introjektivanja terapeuta i terapijskog odnosa, već ima i svoju arhetipsku osnovu.
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