Multikriterijumska analiza nacionalne konkurentnosti: Dokazi otpornosti ekonomije
Sažetak
Rad je strukturiran u tri celine: U prvoj celini, sumarizovani su, u dostupnoj literature, različiti pristupi nacionalnoj konkurentnosti, odnosno procena ekonomskih performansi uz pomoć specifičnih indeksa: Indeksa globalne konkurentnosti (GCI), Indeksa ekoloških performansi (EPI) i Indeksa ljudskog razvoja (HDI), pri čemu je ukazano na njihove osnovne prednosti i ograničenja. Varijable su analizirane kao predkrizne i postkrizne, pod pretpostavkom da bi ekonomska recesija mogla proizvesti određene efekte. Izvori podataka su predstavljeni u odeljku Rezultati rada sa diskusijom. S obzirom na veliku raznolikost pitanja i nehomogenost podataka koji opisuju pomenuta pitanja, istraživanja su podrazumevala korišćenje BDP zajedno sa sledećim kompozitnim indikatorima: GCI, EPI, HDI i Indeksom ekonomske otpornosti (ERI). U trećem delu prikazani su osnovni rezultati rada i njihove potencijalne implikacije. Primećen je negativan trend razvoja Indeksa ekonomske otpornosti za Rumuniju, tokom perioda 2008-2014. godina. Pretpostavlja se da je uočeni pad u velikoj meri posledica pada vrednosti pod-indeksa socijalnog razvoja i pod-indeksa vladavine prava (korupcije). Nizak nivo otpornosti rumunske ekonomije se prevashodno objašnjava niskim nivoom konkurentnosti i produktivnosti proizvodnih faktora. Dobijeni rezultati sugerišu da je pored evaluacije nacionalne konkurentnosti, neophodna i procena ERI indeksa, s obzirom da ona može otkriti skrivene izvore ranjivosti nacionalne ekonomije na eksterne šokove.
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