Tranzicija od škole do posla u Srbiji: stopa povraćaja na ulaganje u obrazovanje za mlade
Sažetak
Predmet rada jeste ocena stope povraćaja na ulaganje u obrazovanje mlade populacije u Srbiji. Cilj rada jeste da se na osnovu podataka Ankete o tranziciji od škole do posla iz 2015.godine utvrdi premija na obrazovanje lica starosti od 15 do 29 godina. Stopa povraćaja na ulaganje u obrazovanje mladih ocenjena je primenom kako metode najmanjih kvadrada, tako i upotrebom metode instrumentalnih promenljivih. Kao instrumenti za promenljivu koja se odnosi na broj godina školovanja korišćeni su obrazovni nivo oca i obrazovni nivo majke. Rezultati ocenjivanja metodom najmanjih kvadrata ukazuju na to da stopa povraćaja na ulaganje u obrazovanje mladih u Srbiji iznosi 5,2%, dok prema rezultatima ocenjivanja metodom instrumentalnih promenljivih ova stopa iznosi 9,3%. Kako je stopa povraćaja na ulaganje u obrazovanje dobijena korišćenjem metode instrumentalnih promenljivih veća u odnosu na stopu povraćaja na ulaganje u obrazovanje koja je dobijena korišćenjem metode najmanjih kvadrata, potvrđuje se da se u slučaju ocenjivanja metodom najmanjih kvadrata dobijaju pristrasne ocene.Ovakav rezultat takođe ukazuje na to da je školovanje dece u Srbiji i dalje u funkciji karakteristika porodice iz koje deca potiču, i sugeriše na to da obrazovni sistem u Srbiji ne uspeva da obezbedi pravičan pristup školovanju onoj deci koja dolaze iz socio-ekonomskih ugroženih porodica.
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