Ima li izgleda da Juan bude nova svetska rezervna valuta?
Sažetak
Kina je već dugo druga najveća ekonomija sveta, sa najvećim deviznim rezervama i drugim najvećim učešćem u svetskoj trgovini. Pa ipak, njen položaj u globalnoj privredi dugi niz godina nije pratio međunarodni monetarni značaj juana. Uprkos ekonomskom značaju Kine, politički značaj i učešće u glasovima Međunarodnog monetarnog fonda (MMF) ne može da se poredi jer SAD ima preko 17% glasova, a Kina 3,8%. Zahvaljujući tome SAD zajedno sa saveznicima blokira odluke i kroji globalnu ekonomsku politiku. U borbi da postane rezervna svetska valuta, Kina je vodila ekspanzivnu ekonomsku i trgovinsku politiku i paralelno je jačala konvertibilnost juana. Zahvaljujući tome, juan je od 1. oktobra 2016. godine postao rezervna valuta u korpi specijalnih prava vučenja zajedno sa dolarom, evrom, jenom i britanskom funtom. Kina se zalaže za reformu MMF i paralelno formira nove institucije čija je funkcija prekrajanje aktualne međunarodne politike pod snažnim uticajem SAD. Rad analizira kanale delovanja kineskih vlasti i perspektivu za prekomponovanja međunarodnog monetarnog sistema i smanjenja globalnog američkog uticaja sa ciljem da se sagledaju mogućnosti da li ima izgleda da kineska valuta dobije status svetske valute.
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