Bankarska unija EU: pouke za zemlje u tranziciji van eurozone
Sažetak
Evrozona je odmah nakon negativnog uticaja globalne finansijske krize 2007./2008. prošla kroz izrazitu nestabilnost krize suverenog duga. Kriza suverenog duga unutar evrozone izazvana je međuzavisnošću bankarske i državne finansijske stabilnosti i nepostojanja fiskalne unije unutar evrozone. Neposredni ishod ove krize bila je finansijska fragmentacija unutar finansijskih tržišta evrozone. Bakarska unija je regulatorni i institucionalni odgovor EU na glavne finansijske probleme eurozone nakon globalne finansijske krize. Ona je jasan signal da su lekcije naučene iz dve krize koje su se desile. Strožija regulacija (single rule book) ima za cilj podizanje kvaliteta banaka. Jeinstveni mehanizam regulacije (SRM), i Jedinstveni mehanizam sanacije i likvidacije (SRM) imaju za cilj da ujedine i podignu na viši nivo standarde supervizije i sanacije i likvidacije banaka u EU. Sa naglaskom na internom podnošenju troškova gubitaka (bail-ins), i finansijskom podrškom na nivou EU, međuzavisnost bankarske i državne finansijske stabilnosti bi trebalo da se razgradi, a verovatnoća ponovnog izbijanja krize sa visokim troškovima za poreske obveznike bi trebalo da je znatno manja. Postoje značajni elementi Bankarske unije koji se mogu primeniti u tranzicionim zemljama van eurozone i to kako članicama tako i nečlanicama EU.
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