ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF HEATING SOURCE CONVERSION OF THE SWIMMING POOLS
Abstract
Conversion from conventional heating systems is developed to address the emission of CO2 in the environment, global warming, rising costs, potential shortages of fossil fuels, for all energy source alternatives available. This study reviewed the economic feasibility associated with converting the current heat source to a renewable energy source of heating swimming pools located in Jordan. Many modern heating systems techniques are proposed in this study such as solar heat collectors, heat pump and photovoltaic assisted heat pump. Solar heat collectors are a device that collects and/or concentrate solar radiation from the sun and allow for heating the water. In addition, a growing interest in photovoltaic/heat pump systems is considered, which combines photovoltaic cells and heat pump systems. Hence converting solar energy into electricity and then heat through the heat pump. The Initial and operation cost for all proposed techniques is evaluated. As a result, it is found that the best economical alternative option that can be installed on the available area of the building is photovoltaic with a heat pump system during the heating season. The operation cost of the current source (diesel boiler) is about 179,974 US$ and the total cost of heat solar thermal collector is about 936,540 US$ but the total cost of the proposed photovoltaic/heat pump system is nearly 251,060 US$, which save about 45,134 US$ yearly of the total commercial building electricity bill that is selected with a payback period of fewer than two years. In addition, available space on the rooftop of the selected building is well fitted with photovoltaic panels which are around 2000 m2. This result suggests that utilizing a PV/HP system for hotel pools is advantageous both financially and environmentally.
References
Zhao, J., et al., The determinants of renewable energy sources for the fueling of green and sustainable economy. Energy, 2022. 238: p. 122029.
Baz, K., et al., Asymmetric impact of fossil fuel and renewable energy consumption on economic growth: A nonlinear technique. Energy, 2021. 226: p. 120357.
Silvio Alejandro Jiménez, V.C.M.A.A.B., Swimming pool heating systems: a review of applied models. Tecciencia, 2015. 10(19): p. 17-26.
Yantong Li, N.N.G.H.X.L., Swimming pool heating technology: A state-of-the-art review. Building Simulation.
Li, Y., et al., Swimming pool heating technology: A state-of-the-art review. Building Simulation, 2021. 14(3): p. 421-440.
Katsaprakakis, D.A., Comparison of swimming pools alternative passive and active heating systems based on renewable energy sources in Southern Europe. Energy Energy, 2015. 81: p. 738-753.
Ringstad, A., The science of solar energy. 2018.
Sandia National Laboratories, U.S.N.N.S.A.U.S.D.o.E.O.o.S. and I. Technical, Renewable Energy Overview. 2010.
Alrwashdeh, S.S., et al., In-situ investigation of water distribution in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells using high-resolution neutron tomography with 6.5 μm pixel size. AIMS Energy, 2018. 6(4): p. 607-614.
Göbel, M., et al., Transient limiting current measurements for characterization of gas diffusion layers. Journal of Power Sources, 2018. 402: p. 237-245.
Alessandro, M., et al., Photovoltaic-thermal solar-assisted heat pump systems for building applications: Integration and design methods. Energy and Built Environment, 2021.
Simko, T., et al., Applying Solar PV to Heat Pump and Storage Technologies in Australian Houses. 2021. 14(17): p. 5480.
Alrwashdeh, S.S., Investigation of the energy output from PV racks based on using different tracking systems in Amman-Jordan. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018. 9(10): p. 687-694.
Al-Falahat, A.a.M.Q.J.A.A.S.S.k.R.Q.Z.A.E.N.M., Energy performance and economics assessments of a photovoltaic-heat pump system. RINENG Results in Engineering, 2022. 13.
Al-Falahat, A.a.M., Examination of the Dynamic Behaviour of the Composite Hollow Shafts Subject to Unbalance. IJMERR International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, 2021: p. 572-576.
Saraireh, M.A., F.M. Alsaraireh, and S.S. Alrwashdeh, Investigation of heat transfer for staggered and in-line tubes. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2017. 8(11): p. 476-483.
S. Alrwashdeh, S.M.A.F.A.S.M., Solar radiation map of Jordan governorates. IJET International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018. 7(3): p. 1664.
Shah, M.M., Improved method for calculating evaporation from indoor water pools. ENB Energy & Buildings, 2012. 49: p. 306-309.
Ruiz, E.M.n.P.J., Analysis of an open-air swimming pool solar heating system by using an experimentally validated TRNSYS model. SE Solar Energy, 2010. 84(1): p. 116-123.
Buonomano A, D.L.G.F.R.D.V.L., Dynamic simulation and thermo-economic analysis of a PhotoVoltaic/Thermal collector heating system for an indoor-outdoor swimming pool. Energy Convers. Manage. Energy Conversion and Management, 2015. 99: p. 176-192.
Lam, J.C.C.W.W., Life cycle energy cost analysis of heat pump application for hotel swimming pools. Energy conversion and management., 2001. 42(11): p. 1299-1306.
Singh, A.K.T.G.N.S.R.G.S.R.K., Active Heating of Outdoor Swimming Pool Water Using Different Solar Collector Systems. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 2020. 142(4).
Chow, T.T.B.Y.F.K.F.L.Z., Analysis of a solar assisted heat pump system for indoor swimming pool water and space heating. Applied energy., 2012. 100: p. 309-317.
Dehghan, M.P.C.F.R.E.B.-J.R., A Review on Techno-Economic Assessment of Solar Water Heating Systems in the Middle East. Energies Energies, 2021. 14(16): p. 4944.
company, M. heat pump of the highest quality and sophisticated inverter electronics. 2021 [cited 2021 10 Nov.]; Available from: https://www.microwell.eu/products/swimming-pool-heat-pumps/hp-commercial-inverter-imax60.
Ji, J., et al., Experimental study of photovoltaic solar assisted heat pump system. 2008. 82(1): p. 43-52.
Herrando, M.a.M.C.N., Hybrid PV and solar-thermal systems for domestic heat and power provision in the UK: Techno-economic considerations. Applied energy., 2016. 161: p. 512-532.
