CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO CANNONBALLS FROM THE ROYAL AMMUNITION FACTORY OF EUGI

  • Iñaki Zalakain - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. - Institute for Advanced Materials (InaMat), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Carlos Berlanga - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. - Institute for Advanced Materials (InaMat), Public University of Navarre,Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Lucas Álvarez - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. -Fagor Ederlan Group, Ctra. Zaragoza, s/n, 31300 Tafalla, Spain.
  • Luis E Asa - Fagor Ederlan Group, Ctra. Zaragoza, s/n, 31300 Tafalla, Spain.
  • Paco Labé - Technical Archaeologist
  • Pedro J Rivero - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. - Institute for Advanced Materials (InaMat), Public University of Navarre,Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Javier Valencia - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Rafael Rodríguez - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.

Abstract


In this report, several materials including two different cannonballs, calcined ore and slags from The Royal Ammunition Factory of Eugi in Navarra (Spain) have been analysed. Both cannonballs presented a spherical shape with an excellent degree of conservation, belonging to last years of the factory production (1766-1850). Several techniques such as microhardness, X-ray fluorescence, optical and scanning electron microscopy, and EDX analysis were used in order to identify the employed manufacture in the elaboration process. The results showed a great difference in their chemical composition, mainly related to the silicon and phosphorous concentration. One of them exhibited an unusual amount of phosphorous, being probably due to the employed ore. In addition, the metallographic characterization revealed that one of them was composed by a ledeburitic matrix with graphite and steadite, whereas the second one exhibited a ferritic-pearlitic matrix with a significant amount of steadite. Consequently, their mechanical properties varied and as result, the choice about the type of cannonball would depend on the final utilization as a round shot or grapeshot.

Author Biographies

Iñaki Zalakain, - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. - Institute for Advanced Materials (InaMat), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering
Carlos Berlanga, - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. - Institute for Advanced Materials (InaMat), Public University of Navarre,Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering
Pedro J Rivero, - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain. - Institute for Advanced Materials (InaMat), Public University of Navarre,Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering
Javier Valencia, - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering
Rafael Rodríguez, - Public University of Navarre, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, Materials Engineering Laboratory, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering

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Published
2017/12/29
How to Cite
Zalakain, I., Berlanga, C., Álvarez, L., Asa, L. E., Labé, P., Rivero, P. J., Valencia, J., & Rodríguez, R. (2017). CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO CANNONBALLS FROM THE ROYAL AMMUNITION FACTORY OF EUGI. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, 54(1), 91-99. Retrieved from https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/jmm/article/view/11406
Issue
Vol. 54 No. 1 (2018)
Section
Original Scientific Paper

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