The assessment of the quality of welded joints made of abrasion-resistant plates using the nanocrystalline filler metal
Abstract
The article presents the analysis of the structure and properties of joints made of abrasion-resistant plates having the structure of chromium cast iron and welded with filler metals, the use of which aimed to provide the high abrasion resistance of the surface layer and good mechanical properties of the base material. The face layer of the joint was made using the MMA (Manual Metal Arc) welding method and the Fe-Cr-Nb-B type nanocrystalline filler metal. The root weld was made using an austenitic plastic filler metal, whereas the filling layer was made using the MAG welding method and a low-alloy filler metal. The joints were subjected to non-destructive tests (visual tests and penetrant tests) as well as destructive tests. The research involved macro and microscopic metallographic tests, the determination of the grain size using an Xpert PRO X-ray diffractometer and the analysis of the chemical composition of precipitates performed using a scanning electron microscope provided with an EDS attachment. The assessment of the operational properties of the joints was based on hardness measurements, static tensile tests and bend tests as well as on tests identifying the metal-mineral abrasive wear, performed in accordance with ASTM G65 – 04. The results of the abrasion resistance tests were referred to the properties of steel HARDOX 400. The tests revealed that the filler metals used in the tests can be used when joining abrasion-resistant plates, providing the latter with appropriate operational properties.
References
K. Kato, Tribol. Int., 5 (1997) 333–338.
K. Grigoroudis, K. Stephenson, Wear, 213 (1997) 103–111.
K.H Zum Gahr, Tribol. Int., 10 (1998) 587–596.
G. Sundararajan, R. Manisz, Tribol. Int., 30, (1997) 339–359.
X. Ma, R. Liu, Wear, 241 (2000) 79–85.
M.A. Masen, M.B. Rooij, D.J. Schipper, Wear, 241, (2005) 75–89.
G. Stachowiak, Wear, 241, (2000) 214–219.
J.G. Mbabazi, T.J. Sheer, R. Schandu, Wear, 257, (2005) 612–624.
J. Górka, A. Czupryński, Appl. Mech. Mater., 809–810, (2015) 501–506.
W. Włosiński, T. Chmielewski, 3rd International Conference on Surface Engineering; Southwest Jiaotong University Press: Chengdu, Sichuan, China, (2002) 48–53.
A. Czupryński, J. Górka, M. Adamiak, B. Tomiczek, Arch. Metall. Mater., 61, (2016) 1017–1023.
S. Boncel, J. Górka, M. Shaffer, K. Koziol, Mater. Lett., 116 (2014) 53–56.
T. Chmielewski, D. Golański, W. Włosiński, J. Zimmerman, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Tech. Sci., 63 (2015) 201–207.
U. Reisgen, L. Stein, B. Balashov, C. Geffers, Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 39 (2008) 791–794.
A. Czupryński, J. Górka, M. Adamiak, Metalurgija, , 55 (2016) 173–176.
A. Lisiecki, Metals, 5 (2015) 54–69.
M. Adamiak, B. Tomiczek, J. Górka, A. Czupryński, Arch. Metall. Mater., 61 (2016) 847–851.
D. Janicki, Arch. Metall. Mater., 59 (2014) 1641–1646.
R. Burdzik, Ł. Konieczny, Z. Stanik, P. Folęga, A. Smalcerz, A. Lisiecki, A. Arch. Metall. Mater., 59 (2014) 957–963.
A. Grajcar, M. Różański, S. Stano, A. Kowalski, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 23 (2014) 3400–3406.
T. Chmielewski, D. Golański, W. Włosiński, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Tech. Sci., 63 (2015) 449–456.
D. Janicki, Solid State Phenomena, 199 (2013) 587–592.
T. Chmielewski, G. Golański, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng., 225 (2011) 611–616.
D. Golański, G. Dymny, M. Kujawińska, T. Chmielewski, Solid State Phenomena, 40 (2015) 174–182.
C.P. Poole, F.J. Ownes, Introduction to Nanotechnology; Wiley: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2003, pp. 1–8.
S. Boncel, J. Górka, M. Shaffer, K. Koziol, Polym. Compos., 35 (2014) 523–529.
G. Heath, G. Proceedings of the Castolin-Eutectic Seminar, Brussels, Belgium, (2006) 15–19.
I. Sevostianov, M. Kachanov, Int. J. Solids Struct., 44 (2007) 1304–1315.
D. Wagner, R. Vaia, Interface. Mater. Today, 7 (2004) 38–42.
J. Yao, Q. Zhang, M. Gao, Appl. Surf. Sci., 254 (2008) 7092–7097.
T. Laha, S. Kuchibhatla, S. Seal, W. Li, Acta Mater., 55 (2007) 1059–1066.
A. Esawi, M. Farag, Mater. Des., 28 (2007) 2394–2401.
W.X. Chen, J.P. Tu, L.Y. Wang, Carbon, 41 (2003) 215–222.
Authors retain copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the non-exclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of reuse, and to distribute it in all forms and media.
The Author(s) warrant that their manuscript is their original work that has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. The Author(s) affirm that the article contains no unfounded or unlawful statements and does not violate the rights of others. The author(s) also affirm that they hold no conflict of interest that may affect the integrity of the Manuscript and the validity of the findings presented in it. The Corresponding author, as the signing author, warrants that he/she has full power to make this grant on behalf of the Author(s). Any software contained in the Supplemental Materials is free from viruses, contaminants or worms.The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA).
Authors are permitted to deposit publisher's version (PDF) of their work in an institutional repository, subject-based repository, author's personal website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), and/or departmental website at any time after publication.
Upon receiving the proofs, the Author(s) agree to promptly check the proofs carefully, correct any typographical errors, and authorize the publication of the corrected proofs.
The Corresponding author agrees to inform his/her co-authors, of any of the above terms.