Hardness Characteristics of as-cast Ni-Ru-Zr Alloys

  • Liberty Chipise University of the Witwatersrand
  • Robert Batane University of Botswana
  • Pushpendra K. Jain University of Botswana
  • Stephan H. Coetzee Botswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation
  • Bernard O. Odera Technical University of Kenya
  • William Goosen Nelson Mandela University
  • Lesley A. Cornish University of the Witwatersrand
Keywords: Hardness, Ni-Ru-Zr, Alloys, Phase diagram, Ternary

Abstract


The Vickers hardnesses of 21 as-cast Ni-Ru-Zr alloys of different compositions were studied, and nanohardness indentations were done on the individual phases. The results were used to explain the brittleness by assessing the proportions of the phases, and their morphologies. The compound hardnesses varied between 704 – 1289 HV, with ~ZrRu2 being the hardest phase, and ~Zr2Ni7 being the least hard phase. The sample hardnesses were 300 - 1015 HV. Most of the samples were brittle, although there were regions of toughness around Ni36:Ru13:Zr51 and Ni20:Ru5:Zr75 (at.%). No alloy was identified to have potential good mechanical properties.

References

[1] C.Y. Cui, Y.F. Gu, D.H. Ping, H. Harada, M. Osawa and A. Sato (2006), Effects of Ru Additions on the Microstructure and Phase Stability of Ni-Base Superalloy, UDIMET 720LI, Met. and Mat. Trans. A, 37 (2), 355-360.

[2] T. Biggs, P.J. Hill, L.A. Cornish and M.J. Witcomb (2001), An Investigation of the Pt-Al-Ru Diagram to Facilitate Alloy Development, J. Phase Equilibria. 22(3), 214-218.

[3] M.J. Stern and H. Wissenburg (1959), The Influence of Noble Metal Alloy Additions on the Electrochemical and Corrosion Behaviour of Titanium Alloys, J. Electrochem. Soc.,
106(9), 759-764.

[4] N.D. Green, C.R. Bishop and M. Stern (2001), Corrosion and Electrochemical Behaviour of Chromium-Noble Metal Alloys, J. Electrochem. Soc., 43, 577-590.

[5] N. David, T. Benlaharche, J.M. Firorani and M. Vilasi (2007), Thermodynamic Modelling of Ru-Zr and Hf-Ru Systems, Intermetallics, 15, 1632-1637.

[6] L. Chipise, B.O. Odera, P.K. Jain, S.H. Coetzee, N.R. Batane, M.P. Motsamai and L.A. Cornish (2016), Experimental Liquidus Surface Projection of the Ni-Ru-Zr System, J. Phase Equilib. Diff., 37(6), 702-717.

[7] G.E. Dieter (1990), Mechanical Metallurgy, SI Metric edn., McGraw-Hill, London, p. 325.

[8] M.C. Shaw and G.J. DeSalvo (2012), The Role of Elasticity in Hardness Testing, Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal, 1(6), 310-317.

[9] R. Suss (2007), Investigation of the Pt-Al-Cr System as Part of the Development of the Pt-Al-Cr-Ru Thermodynamic Database, PhD Thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

[10] D.R. Askeland, P.P. Fulay and W.J. Wright (2010), The Science and Engineering of Materials, SI 6th Edition.

[11] T.B. Massalslki (1990), Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, ASM International, Ohio, USA.

[12] T.L. Shing (2001), The Effect of Ru Additions on the Hardness, Toughness and Grain Size of WC-Co, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater, 19(1), 41-44.

[13] L. Glaner (2009), A Study of the Ni-Pt-Ru and Co-Pt-Ru Systems, M.Sc. Dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

[14] G.V. Samsonov (1968), Mechanical Properties of the Elements, Handbook of the Physicochemical Properties of the Elements, Springer US, 387-446.

[15] K. Chen, L. Zeng, Z. Li, L. Chai, Y. Wang, L.Y. Chen and H. Yu (2019). Effects of Laser Surface Alloying with Cr on Microstructure and Hardness of Commercial Purity Zr. J. Alloy Compd, 784, 1106-1112.

[16] D. Chakraborty and J. Mukerji (1980), Characterization of Silicon Nitride Single Crystals and Polycrystalline Reaction Sintered Silicon Nitride by Microhardness Measurements, J. Mater. Sci., 15(12), 3051-3056.

[17] K. Hirao and M. Tomozawa (1987), Microhardness of SiO2 Glass in Various Environments, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 70, 497-502.

[18] N. David, T. Benlaharche, J.M. Firorani and M. Vilasi (2007), Thermodynamic Modelling of Ru-Zr and Hf-Ru Systems, Intermetallics, 15 (12), 1632–1637.

[19] S.A. Pogodin and V.I. Sokorobotogatova (1954), Izv. Sekt. Fiz-Khim. Anal., Inst. Obshch. Khim. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 25, 70-80.
Published
2021/09/03
How to Cite
Chipise, L., Batane, R., Jain, P. K., Coetzee, S. H., Odera, B. O., Goosen, W., & Cornish, L. A. (2021). Hardness Characteristics of as-cast Ni-Ru-Zr Alloys. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, 57(2), 261-270. Retrieved from https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/jmm/article/view/25432
Issue
Vol. 57 No. 2 (2021)
Section
Original Scientific Paper

Authors retain copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the non-exclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of reuse, and to distribute it in all forms and media.

The Author(s) warrant that their manuscript is their original work that has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. The Author(s) affirm that the article contains no unfounded or unlawful statements and does not violate the rights of others. The author(s) also affirm that they hold no conflict of interest that may affect the integrity of the Manuscript and the validity of the findings presented in it. The Corresponding author, as the signing author, warrants that he/she has full power to make this grant on behalf of the Author(s). Any software contained in the Supplemental Materials is free from viruses, contaminants or worms.

The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA).

Authors are permitted to deposit publisher's version (PDF) of their work in an institutional repository, subject-based repository, author's personal website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), and/or departmental website at any time after publication.

Upon receiving the proofs, the Author(s) agree to promptly check the proofs carefully, correct any typographical errors, and authorize the publication of the corrected proofs.

The Corresponding author agrees to inform his/her co-authors, of any of the above terms.