A Replacement of lime with industrial wastes in hot metal desulfurization mixtures
Abstract
The steel production enhancement in recent decades has increased the solid waste generation in the steel plants. Due to the increase in the environmental policies stringency, efforts have been made to give them a more appropriate destination. In this context, the internal reuse of these materials is a solution often applied by the industry to reduce production costs and to decrease slag generation. Therefore, the aim of this research is to replace calcitic lime by limestone waste and KR slag in hot metal desulfurization, which are wastes from steel production. The KR slag is the waste generated by the desulfurization process in Kambara Reactor. Experimental desulfurization tests were carried out in a resistance furnace at a temperature of 1350°C, in an inert atmosphere with constant stirring of 500 rpm. Along with the tests, simulations were carried out with FactSage 7.0 software in order to obtain the phases present in each mixture at the working temperature and compare them with the practical results. It was found that the tricalcium silicate phase (3CaO·SiO2) was present in mixtures with lower desulfurization efficiency, which shows its kinetic limitation. The use of limestone waste proved to be more efficient than the use of KR slag.
References
2. T. A. Branca, V. Colla, D. Algermissen, H. Granbom, U. Martini, A. Morillon, R. Pietruck, S. Rosendahl, Metals, 10 (3) (2020) 1-18. 10.3390/met10030345
3. W. T. Kuo, H. Y. Wang, Y. S. Shu, Constr Build Mater., 63 (2014) 189-196. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.017
4. B. Cho, H. Choi, Constr Build Mater., 123 (2016) 436-443. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.023
5. Y. L. Chen, M. S. Ko, J. E. Chang, C. T. Lin, Constr Build Mater., 158 (2018) 132-140. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.195
6. P. M. Pires, J. E. S. L. Teixeira, D. V. Nepomuceno, E. C. Furieri, J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 31 (9) (2019) 1-12. 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002811
7. A. Matsui, Y. Uchida, N. Kikuchi, Y. Miki, ISIJ Int., 57 (6) (2017) 1012-1018. 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2016-748
8. Y. Nakai, N. Kikuchi, M. Iwasa, S. Nabeshima, Y. Kishimoto, Steel Res. Int., 80 (10) (2009) 727-732. 10.2374/SRI09SP082
9. Z. Tong, G. Ma, X. Cai, Z. Xue, W. Wang, X. Zhang, Waste Biomass Valor, 7 (1) (2016) 1-8. 10.1007/s12649-015-9429-5
10. M. A. Latif, S. Naganathan, H. A. Razak, K. N. Mustapha, Procedia Eng., 125 (2015) 780-787. 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.135
11. V. Seshadri, A. C. Silva, I. A. Silva, Mater. Manuf. Processes, 17 (5) (2002) 693-713. 10.1081/AMP-120016092
12. T. Vuolio, V. V. Visuri, S. Tuomikoski, T. Paananen, T. Fabritius, Metall. Mater. Trans B, 49 (5) (2018) 2692-2708. 10.1007/s11663-018-1318-4
13. L. B. McFeaters, R. J. Fruehan, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 24B (3) (1993) 441-447. 10.1007/BF02666426
14. D. Lindström, D. Sichen, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 46 (1) (2015) 83-92. 10.1007/s11663-014-0195-8
15. K. H. Zhang, Y. L. Zhang, T. Wu, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 26 (10) (2018) 1041-1051. 10.1007/s42243-018-0171-7
16. Z. Tong, J. Qiao, X. Jiang, ISIJ Int., 57 (2) (2017) 245-253. 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2016-414
17. K. Takahashi, K. Utagawa, H. Shibata, S. Y. Kitamura, N. Kikuchi, Y. Kishimoto, ISIJ Int., 52 (1) (2012) 10-17. 10.2355/isijinternational.52.10
18. J. Y. Choi, D. J. Kim, H. G. Lee, ISIJ Int., 41 (3) (2001) 216-224. 10.2355/isijinternational.41.216
19. P. K Iwamasa, R. J. Fruehan, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 28 (1) (1997) 47-57. 10.1007/s11663-997-0126-z
Authors retain copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the non-exclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of reuse, and to distribute it in all forms and media.
The Author(s) warrant that their manuscript is their original work that has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. The Author(s) affirm that the article contains no unfounded or unlawful statements and does not violate the rights of others. The author(s) also affirm that they hold no conflict of interest that may affect the integrity of the Manuscript and the validity of the findings presented in it. The Corresponding author, as the signing author, warrants that he/she has full power to make this grant on behalf of the Author(s). Any software contained in the Supplemental Materials is free from viruses, contaminants or worms.The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA).
Authors are permitted to deposit publisher's version (PDF) of their work in an institutional repository, subject-based repository, author's personal website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), and/or departmental website at any time after publication.
Upon receiving the proofs, the Author(s) agree to promptly check the proofs carefully, correct any typographical errors, and authorize the publication of the corrected proofs.
The Corresponding author agrees to inform his/her co-authors, of any of the above terms.