Recent advances of the thermodynamic behavior of Tin species in aqueous solution

  • Dongrong Yang Kunming University of Science and Technology
  • Zhilian Wu Zhejiang LAMP Co., Ltd.
  • Kun Ren Kunming University of Science and Technology
  • Peng Dong Kunming University of Science and Technology
  • Da Zhang Kunming University of Science and Technology
  • Bin Yang Kunming University of Science and Technology
  • Feng Liang Kunming University of Science and Technology
Keywords: Tin/H2O system; potential-pH diagrams; thermodynamic behavior; redox potential; equilibrium

Abstract


Thermodynamic behavior has been extensively used to evaluate the stability of materials and predict the direction of the chemical reaction at different pH values, temperatures, potentials, and ion concentrations. Although researching efforts on Tin species in an aqueous solution system (Tin/H2O of acid, alkali, and salt have been reported, scattered data leads to the inefficiency of a thermodynamic method in the practical application. This article provides a brief review about the potential-pH diagram for Tin/H2O system, which reflects the thermodynamic behavior of Tin species in an aqueous solution and extracts thermodynamic data for Tin species for its practical application. Firstly, the relationship of the thermodynamic behavior, potential-pH diagram, and equilibrium relations of Tin species for Tin/H2O system was overviewed. Additionally, the potential-pH diagram of Tin/H2O system at different temperatures (298 K, 373 K, and 550 K) and dissolved Tin activities (1, 101, 103, and 106) and the potential-pH diagram of the Tin species in a chloridion aqueous solution system (Tin/H2O-Cl) was summarized. Finally, the application prospect of the potential-pH diagram for Tin/H2O system is prospected in the intelligent simulation of Tin metallurgy and the practical application of Tin materials.

References

[1] Ostrakhovitch EA (2015) Tin. In: Handbook on the toxicology of metals, 4th ed. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00056-1


[2] Silva MSB, Melo RAC, Lopes-Moriyama AL, Souza CP (2019) Electrochemical extraction of tin and copper from acid leachate of printed circuit boards using copper electrodes. J Environ Manage 246:410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.009


[3] El Ibrahimi B, Jmiai A, El Mouaden K, Baddouh A, El Issami S, Bazzi L, Hilali M (2019) Effect of solution's pH and molecular structure of three linear α-amino acids on the corrosion of tin in salt solution: A combined experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Struc 1196:105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.072


[4] Lee GY, Lee JH, Han SH, Park BK, Son SU, Kim C, Jeon DJ, Chung TM (2020) Synthesis and structure of Tin and germanium complexes as precursors containing alkoxyaminoalkoxide ligands for thin film transistors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020(21):2074. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.202000167


[5] Revie RW, Uhlig HH (2008) Thermodynamics: Pourbaix diagrams. In: Corros. Corros. Control an Introd. to Corros. Sci. Eng.(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470277270.ch4.


[6] Wang Z, Guo X, Montoya J, Nørskov JK (2020) Predicting aqueous stability of solid with computed Pourbaix diagram using SCAN functional. NPJ Comput Materb 6(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-020-00430-3


[7] Fu J, Jiang X, Han W, Cao Z (2021) Enhancing the cycling stability of transition-metal-oxide-based electrochemical electrode via Pourbaix diagram engineering. Energy Stor Mater 42:252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.07.037


[8] Verink ED (2011) Simplified procedure for constructing Pourbaix diagrams. In: Uhlig’s corrosion handbook. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470872864.ch7


[9] Wang K, Han J, Gerard AY, Scully JR, Zhou BC (2020) Potential-pH diagrams considerin-g complex oxide solution phases for understanding aqueous corrosion of multiprincipal element alloys. NPJ Mater Degrad 4(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41529-020-00141-6


[10] Pesterfield LL, Maddox JB, Crocker MS, Schweitzer GK (2012) Pourbaix (E-pH-M) diagrams in three dimensions. J Chem Edu 89(7):891. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed200423n


[11] Pedeferri P (2018) Pourbaix diagrams. In: Corrosion science and engineering, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97625-9_4


[12] Nave MI, Kornev KG (2017) Complexity of products of tungsten corrosion: comparison of the 3D Pourbaix diagrams with the experimental data. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci 48(3):1414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-016-3888-6


[13] Cook WG, Olive RP (2012) Pourbaix diagrams for chromium, aluminum and titanium extended to high-subcritical and low-supercritical conditions. Corros Sci 58:291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2012.02.002


[14] Nikolaychuk PA (2014) The third dimension in Pourbaix diagrams: A further extension. J Chem Educ 91(5):763. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed400735g


[15] Barthel J, Deiss R (2021) The limits of the Pourbaix diagram in the interpretation of the kinetics of corrosion and cathodic protection of underground pipelines. Mater Corros 72(3):434. https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202011977


[16] Thompson WT, Kay MH, Bale CW, Pelton AD (2011) Pourbaix diagrams for multielement systems. In: Uhlig’s Corrosion Handbook, R.W. Revie (Ed.). https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470872864.ch8


[17] Maskaeva LN, Fedorova EA, Yusupov RA, Markov VF (2018) Calculating equilri-m constants in the SnCl2-H2O-NaOH system according to potentiometric titration data. uss J Phys Chem 92(5):1025. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024418050230


[18] Fink JK (2009) The laws of thermodynamics. In: Physical chemistry in depth, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01014-9_3


[19] Perez N (2016) Electrochemical corrosion. In: Electrochemistry and corrosion science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24847-9_1


[20] Boyd CE (2015) Physical Properties of Water. In: Water Quality. Springer, Cham.


[21] Soustelle M (2016) Precipitation reactions and equilibria. In ionic and electrochemical equilibria. John Wiley & Sons, Inc 135. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119178606.ch5


[22] Hinrichs W, Dreijer-van der Glas S (2015) Physical chemistry. In: Practical Pharmaceutics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15814-3_18


[23] Rountree ES, McCarthy BD, Dempsey JL (2019) Decoding proton-coupled electron transfer with potential-pKa diagrams: applications to catalysis. Inorg Chem 58(10): 6647. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03368


[24] Casey WH (2017) Oxidation-reduction reactions and Eh-pH (Pourbaix) diagrams. In: Encyclopedia of geochemistry. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_21-1


[25] Rizvi MA, Dangat Y, Shams T, Khan KZ (2016) Complexation key to a pH locked redox reaction. J Chem Educ 3(2):355. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00499


[26] Greenwood NN, Earshaw A (1997) Chemistry of the elements (Second edition). Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-3365-9.50016-X


[27] House CI, Kelsall GH (1984) Potential-pH diagrams for the Sn/H2O-Cl system. Electrochim Acta 29(10):1459. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(84)87028-0


[28] White WM (2018) Tin. In: Encyclopedia of Geochemistry. Encyclopedia of earth sciences series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_297


[29] Smith PJ (1998) Chemistry of tin. Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4938-9


[30] Gutta P, Hoffmann R (2003) Unusual geometries and questions of oxidation state in potential Sn(III) chemistry. Inorg Chem 42(25):8161. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic034493v


[31] Bajnóczi ÉG, Czeglédi E, Kuzmann E, Homonnay Z, Bálint S, Dombi G, Persson I (2014) Speciation and structure of tin(ii) in hyper-alkaline aqueous solution. Dalton Trans 43(48): 17971. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4DT02706J


 [32] Davies O, Gill DW J (2016) Tin. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.6475


[33] Drogowska M, Brossard L, Menard H (1989) Dissolution of tin in the presence of Cl ion-s at pH 4. J Appl Electrochem 19(2):231. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01062306


[34] Pourbaix M (1967) Atlas of electrochemical equilibria in aqueous solutions. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(67)80059-7


[35] Kragten J (1975) The complexometry of tin(IV). Talanta 22(6):505. https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(75)80043-9


[36] Begum SN, Basha A, Muralidharan VS, Lee CW (2012) Electrochemical behaviour of tin in alkali solutions containing halides. Mater Chem Phys 132(2-3):1048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.12.063


[37] Cigala RM, Crea F, De Stefano C, Lando G, Milea D, Sammartano S (2012) The inorganic speciation of tin(II) in aqueous solution. Geochim Cosmochim Ac 87:1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.029


[38] El Din AMS, El Wahab FMA (1964) On the anodic passivity of tin in alkaline solutions. Electrochim Acta 9(7):883. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(64)85039-8


[39] Pedeferri P (2018) Corrosion Science and Engineering. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97625-9


[40] Lakshmanan VI, Halim MA, Vijayan S (2016) Chemical Processing: Hydrometallurgy. In: Lakshmanan V., Roy R., Ramachandran V. (eds) Innovative process development in metallurgical industry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21599-0_5


[41] Cases MV, López-Lorente ÁI, López-Jiménez MÁ (2018) Foundations of analytical chemistry. Springer–Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62872-1


[42] Lefrou C, Fabry P, Poignet JC (2012) Thermodynamic features. In: Electrochemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30250-3


 [43] Pogliani L (2020) Construction and Usefulness of the Pourbaix E-pH Diagrams. In: Chemistry and industrial techniques for chemical engineers. Apple Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429286674-2


[44] Verink ED (2011) Simplified procedure for constructing Pourbaix diagrams. In: Uhlig’s corrosion handbook. http://corrosionjournal.org/doi/abs/10.5006/0010-9312-23.12.371


[45] Barnum DW (1982) Potential-pH diagrams. J Chem Educ 59(10):809. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed059p809


[46] OHTSUKA T (2013) Potential-pH diagram for understanding the metallic corrosion and its limitation. J Surface Finishing Soc Japan 64(2):99. https://doi.org/10.4139/sfj.64.99


[47] Garrett AB, Heiks RE (1941) Equilibria in the stannous oxide-sodium hydroxide and in the stannous oxide-hydrochloric acid systems at 25 ℃. Analysis of dilute solutions of stannous Tin. J Am Chem Soc 63(2):562. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01847a058


[48] Hampson NA, Spencer NE (1968) Anodic behaviour of Tin in potassium hydroxide solution. Br Corros J 3(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1179/000705968798326523


[49] Jun W, Yun P, Lee E (2004) Leaching behavior of tin from Sn-Fe alloys in sodium hydroxide solutions. Hydrometallurgy 73(1-2):71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2003.08.002


[50] Lee LSY, Lawson F (1989) The leaching rate of tin metal in oxygenated sodium hydroxide solutions. Hydrometallurgy 23:23. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-386X(89)90015-7


[51] Stirrup BN, Hampson NA (1976) Anodic passivation of tin in sodium hydroxide solutions. J electroanal Chem 67(1):45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(76)80063-0


[52] El-Sherbini EEF (2006) Perchlorate pitting corrosion of tin in Na2CO3 solutions and effe-ct of some inorganic inhibitors. Corros Sci 48(5):1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2005.05.013


[53] Hassan HH, Abd El Rehim SS, Mohamed NF (2002) Role of ClO4 in breakdown of tin passivity in NaOH solutions. Corros Sci 44(1):37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(01)00040-3


[54] Alvarez PE, Ribotta SB, Folquer ME, Gervasi CA, Vilche JR (2002) Potentiodynamic behaviour of tin in different buffer solutions. Corros Sci 44(1):49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(01)00032-4


[55] Séby F, Potin-Gautier M, Giffaut E, Donard OFX (2001) A critical review of thermodynamic data for inorganic tin species. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 65(18):3041. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00645-7


[56] Pettine M, Millero F J, Macchi G (1981) Hydrolysis of tin(II) in aqueous solutions. Anal Chem 53:1039. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00230a027


[57] Tobias RS (1958) Studies on the hydrolysis of metal Ion. Acta Chem Scand 12(2):198. https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.12-0198


[58] Lyon SB (2010) Corrosion of tin and its alloys. In: Tony J A R. (Ed.). Shreir’s Corrosion, Elsevier, Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-044452787-5.00099-8


[59] Gajda T, Sipos P, Gamsjäger H (2009) The standard redox potential of the Sn4+/Sn2+ couple revisited. Monatsh Chem 140(11):1293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-009-0188-5


[60] Bajnóczi ÉG, Bohner B, Czeglédi E, Kuzmann E, Homonnay Z, Lengyel A, Sipos P (2014) On the lack of capillary Mössbauer spectroscopic effect for SnII-containing aqueous solutions trapped in corning vycor “thirsty” glass. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 302(1):695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3247-2


[61] Addia BA, Addia EA, Hamdani M (2018) The effects of chloride and sulphate ions on the electrochemical behaviour of tin in aqueous solutions. Port Electrochim Acta 36(1):11. https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.201801011


[62] Wang D, Mathur R, Powell W, Powell W, Godfrey L, Zheng Y (2019) Experimental evidence for fractionation of tin chlorides by redox and vapor mechanisms. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 250:209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.02.022


[63] Wang T, She JX, Yin K, Wang K, Zhang YJ, Lu XC, Liu XD, Li W (2021) Sn (II) chloride speciation and equilibrium Sn isotope fractionation under hydrothermal conditions: A first principles study. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.02.023


[64] Kaye MH, Thompson WT (2011) Computation of Pourbaix diagrams at elevated temperature. In: Uhlig’s Corrosion Handbook. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470872864.ch9


[65] Patel AM, Nørskov JK, Persson KA, Montoya JH (2019) Efficient Pourbaix diagrams of many-element compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 21(45):25323. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CP04799A


[66] Huang HH (2016) The Eh-pH diagram and its advances. Metals 6(1):23. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6010023


[67] El-Sherbini E E F, Abd-El-Wahab S M, Amin M A, Deyab M. A (2006) Electrochemical behavior of tin in sodium borate solutions and the effect of halide ions and some inorganic inhibitors. Corros Sci 48(8):1885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2005.08.002


[68] Huang BX, Tornatore P, Li YS (2019) IR and Raman spectroelectrochemical studies of corrosion films on tin. Electrochim Acta 46(5):671. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00660-5


[69] Moina CA, Ybarra GO (2001) Study of passive films formed on Sn in the 7-14 pH range. J Electroanal Chem 504(2):175. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(01)00432-6


[70] Evans JW, De Jonghe LC (2016) Hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy. In: The Production and processing of inorganic materials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48163-0_9


[71] Cao ZH, Ma BZ, Wang CY, Chen YQ, Liu B, Xing P, Zhang WJ (2020) E-pH diagrams for the metal-water system at 150° C: Thermodynamic analysis and application for extraction and separation of target metals from saprolitic laterite. Miner Eng 152:106365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106365


[72] Sherman DM, Ragnarsdottir KV, Oelkers EH, Collins CR (2000) Speciation of tin (Sn2+ and Sn4+) in aqueous Cl solutions from 25 C to 350 C: an in situ EXAFS study. Chem Geol 167(1-2):169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00208-9


[73] Zhang B, Liu DC, Xiong H, Zhou ZG, Li X, Li L, Yang B, Gu XP, Wang SP (2020) The new method to separate stannum and copper in the process of refining Tin. Mater Sci Forum 2996:157. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.996.157


[74] Chen BR, Sun W, Kitchaev DA, Stone KH, Davis RC, Ceder G, Toney MF (2021)  Kinetic origins of the metastable zone width in the manganese oxide Pourbaix diagram. J Mater Chem. A 9(12):7857. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA12533D


 

Published
2023/08/15
How to Cite
Yang, D., Wu, Z., Ren, K., Dong, P., Zhang, D., Yang, B., & Liang, F. (2023). Recent advances of the thermodynamic behavior of Tin species in aqueous solution. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, 59(1), 1-15. Retrieved from https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/jmm/article/view/38694
Section
Review Paper