Activity of bismuth in liquid Ag-Bi-Ni alloys determined by equilibrium saturation method

  • Przemyslaw Fima Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences
  • Jolanta Romanowska Rzeszow University of Technology

Abstract


Activity coefficients of Bi in liquid Ag-Bi-Ni alloys were experimentally determined by means of the equilibrium saturation method at 1173 and 1273 K. The measurements were carried out for alloy compositions along three sections of fixed Ag to Ni mole fraction ratio equal to 4, 3/2, and 2/3. The excess Gibbs free energy of Bi was calculated basing on the experimental activity coefficient data. The experimental activity data were compared to the values calculated for two sets of  assessed thermodynamic data.

References

J-M. Song, H-Y. Chuang, Z-M. Wu, J. Electron. Mater. 35 (2006) 1041-1049, DOI: 10.1007/BF02692565

R. Kolenak, M. Chachula, Solder. Surf. Mt. Tech. 25 (2013) 68-75, DOI: 10.1108/09540911311309022

A. Sharif, Y.C. Chan, M.N. Islam, M.J. Rizvi, J. Alloy Compd., 388 (2005) 75–82, DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.07.015

F. Gao, C. Wang, X. Liu, Y. Takaku, I. Ohnuma, K. Ishida, J. Mater. Res. 24 (2009) 2644-2653, DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2009.0302

SOLDERS Database for Lead Free Solders (2008), http://www.npl.co.uk/science-technology/mathematics-modelling-and-simulation/mtdata/databases/materials-specific-databases/, Accessed: 9-07-2014

A. Kroupa, A. Dinsdale, A. Watson, J. Vrestal, A. Zemanova, P. Broz, J. Min. Metall. Sect. B- 48 (3) (2012) 339-346, DOI:10.2298/JMMB120711043K

H. Ipser, Ber. der Bunsen-Gesellchaft-Physical chemistry Chemical Physics 102 (1998) 1217-1224

G. P. Vassilev, J. Romanowska, G. Wnuk, Int. J. Mat. Res. (formerly Z. Metallkd.) 98 (2007) 468-475, DOI: 10.3139/146.101499

K. Kameda, K. Yamaguchi, J. Japan Inst. Metals. 55 (1991) 536-544

J. Midura, T. Pomianek, J. Chem. Thermodyn. 26 (1994) 507-513

G. Wnuk, J. Romanowska, T. Pomianek, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 35 (2003) 711-717

J. Romanowska, CALPHAD vol.33 issue 4 (2009) 723-725, DOI: 10.1016/j.calphad.2009.09.005

J. Romanowska, T. Pomianek, G. Wnuk, Arch. Metall. Mater. 46 (2001) 255-259

O. Kubaschewski, C.B. Alcock, P.J. Spencer, Materials Thermochemistry, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1993

A. Sypien, W. Przybylo, Mater. Sci. Tech., 26 (2010) 31-35, DOI: 10.1179/174328409X422257

O. Teppo, J. Niemela, P. Taskinen, Thermochim. Acta, 173 (1990) 137-150

J. Vizdal, M.H. Bragga, A. Kroupa, K.W. Richter, D.Soares, L.F. Malherios, J.Ferreira, CALPHAD 31 (2007) 438-448, DOI: 10.1016/j.calphad.2007.05.002

U.R. Kattner and W.J. Boettinger, J. Electron. Mater., 23 (1994) 603-610

X.J. Liu, F. Gao, C.P. Wang, K. Ishida, J. Electron. Mater., 37 (2008) 210-217, DOI: 10.1007/s11664-007-0315-1

G.P. Vassilev, X.J. Liu, K. Ishida, J. Phase Equilib., 26 (2005) 161-168, DOI: 10.1007/s11669-005-0134-0

Published
2015/02/24
How to Cite
Fima, P., & Romanowska, J. (2015). Activity of bismuth in liquid Ag-Bi-Ni alloys determined by equilibrium saturation method. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, 51(1), 105. Retrieved from https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/jmm/article/view/6462
Issue
Vol. 51 No. 1 (2015)
Section
Original Scientific Paper

Authors retain copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the non-exclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of reuse, and to distribute it in all forms and media.

The Author(s) warrant that their manuscript is their original work that has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. The Author(s) affirm that the article contains no unfounded or unlawful statements and does not violate the rights of others. The author(s) also affirm that they hold no conflict of interest that may affect the integrity of the Manuscript and the validity of the findings presented in it. The Corresponding author, as the signing author, warrants that he/she has full power to make this grant on behalf of the Author(s). Any software contained in the Supplemental Materials is free from viruses, contaminants or worms.

The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA).

Authors are permitted to deposit publisher's version (PDF) of their work in an institutional repository, subject-based repository, author's personal website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), and/or departmental website at any time after publication.

Upon receiving the proofs, the Author(s) agree to promptly check the proofs carefully, correct any typographical errors, and authorize the publication of the corrected proofs.

The Corresponding author agrees to inform his/her co-authors, of any of the above terms.