EFFECT OF CORN DDGS ON EXTRUSION PROCESSING PARAMETERS AND PHYSICAL QUALITY OF EXTRUDED CATFISH FEED
Keywords:
DDGS; catfish; extrusion; energy consumption; physical quality
Abstract
Four iso-nitrogenous European catfish (Silurus glanis) diets (protein content approximately 400 g/kg) with the inclusion of 0, 100, 200 and 300 g/kg of corn DDGS were formulated and processed by twin-screw extruder. The aim was to assess the influence that DDGS has on extrusion processing and physical quality properties of sinking feed. All ingredients of the diets were finely ground at the hammer mill, mixed and steam conditioned to a temperature of 95 °C and moisture content of approximately 250 g/kg prior to the extrusion. The conditioned mixtures were processed by twin-screw extruder in order to produce sinking pellets. The DDGS inclusion in catfish diets decreased specific mechanical energy during extrusion, which significantly (p < 0.05) decreased radial expansion of the product when DDGS was included at levels of 200 and 300 g/kg. The inclusion of corn DDGS at levels of 100 and 200 g/kg resulted in pellets with significantly higher hardness and durability (p < 0.05) and without significant changes (p > 0.05) in water stability compared with the control feed. Corn DDGS proved not just as relatively cheap protein source in aquafeed but also as techno-functional ingredient that reduces the cost of feed production while giving extruded fish feed of increased ability to withstand mechanical stress during transport, storage and pneumatic feeding.
References
Ayadi, F. Y., Muthukumarappan, K., Rosentrater, K. A., & Brown, M. L. (2011b). Single-screw extrusion processing of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS)-based yellow perch (Perca flavscens) feeds. Cereal Chemistry, 88(2), 179-188. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-08-10-0118
Ayadi, F. Y., Muthukumarappan, K., Rosentrater, K. A., & Brown, M. L. (2011a). Twin-screw extrusion processing of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feeds using various levels of corn-based distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Cereal Chemistry, 88(4), 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-08-10-0120
Banjac, V., Čolović, R., Pezo, L., Čolović, D., Gubić, J., & Đuragić, O. (2017). Conductometric method for determining water stability and nutrient leaching of extruded fish feed. Acta Periodica Technologica, 48, 15-24.https://doi.org/10.2298/APT1748015B
Caipang, C. M. A., Mabuhay-Omar, J., & Gonzales-Plasus, M. M. (2019). Plant and fruit waste products as phytogenic feed additives in aquaculture. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, AACL Bioflux, 12(1), 261-268.
Cheng, Z. J., & Hardy, R. W. (2004). Nutritional value of diets containing distiller's dried grain with solubles for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 15(3-4), 101-113. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v15n03_08
Chevanan, N., Rosentrater, K. A., & Muthukumarappan, K. (2007). Twin-screw extrusion processing of feed blends containing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), Cereal Chemistry, 84(5), 428-436. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-84-5-0428
Chevanan, N, Rosentrater, K. A., & Muthukumarappan, K. (2010). Effects of processing conditions on single screw extrusion of feed ingredients containing DDGS. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 3, 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-008-0065-y
Magalhães, R., (2013). Dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS): a potential protein source in feeds for aquaculture. (MSc Thesis), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 65 p., http://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/ 10216/67855/2/8968.pdf
FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization (2022). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022 - Towards Blue transformation. Rome. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en?details=cc0461en
Gatlin III D. M., Barrows F. T., Brown P., Dabrowski K., Gibson Gaylord T., Hardy R. W., Herman E., Hu G., Krogdal A., Nelson, R., Overturf, K., Rust M., Sealey W., Skonberg D., Souza E. J., Stone D., Wilson R., Wurtele E., 2007 Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products in aquafeeds: a review. Aquaculture Research 38:551-579. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01704.x
Hardy, R. W. (2010). Utilization of plant proteins in fish diets: effects of global demand and supplies of fishmeal. Aquaculture Research, 41, 770-776. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02349.x
Ighwela, K.A., Ahmad, A.B., & Abol-Munafi, A.B. (2013). Water stability and nutrient leaching of different levels of maltose formulated fish pellets. Global Vet. 10 (6), 638−342. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1409.5062
Kaliyan, N., & Morey, R. V. (2009). Factors affecting strength and durability of densified products. Biomass Bioenergy, 33, 337-359. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.21754
Kannadhason, S., Muthukumarppan, K, & Rosentrater, K. A. (2011). Effect of starch source and protein content on extruded aquaculture feed containing DDGS. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 4, 282-294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-008-0177-4
Kannadhason, S., Rosentrater, K. A., Muthukumarappan, K., & Brown, M. L. (2010). Twin screw extrusion of DDGS-based aquaculture feeds. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 41, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2009.00328.x
Kaur R. & Shah T. K., (2017). A review on role of plant waste products on fish growth, health and production. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5 (3),583-589.
Li, M. H, Robinson, E. H., Oberle, D. F., & Lucas, P. M. (2010). Effects of various corn distillers by-products on growth, feed efficiency, and body composition of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 16, 188-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00650.x
Lim, C., & Yildirim-Aksoy, M. (2008). Distillers dried grains with solubles as an alternative protein source in fish feeds. Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture, Cairo, Egypt, 67-82.
Shelby, R. A., Lim, C, Yildrim3Aksoy, M., & Klesius, P. H. (2008). Effect of distillers dried grains with solubles3incorporated diets on growth, immune function and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, 39, 1351-1353.
Sørensen, M., Morken, T., Kosanovic, M., & Øverland, M. (2011). Pea and wheat starch possess different processing characteristics and affect physical quality and viscosity of extruded feed for Atlantic salmon. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17, 326–336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2010.00767.x
Stone, D. A., Hardy, R. W., Barrows, F. T., & Cheng Z. J. (2005). Effects of extrusion on nutritional value of diets containing corn gluten meal and corn distiller’s dried grain for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 17, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v17n03_01
Wolska, J., Holst, O., Adlercreutz, P., & Jonkers, J. (2014). Standardized method for the Holmen pellet tester (NHP100) as a tool for evaluating the physical quality of fish feed. Aquaculture Research, 47(6), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12637
Ayadi, F. Y., Muthukumarappan, K., Rosentrater, K. A., & Brown, M. L. (2011a). Twin-screw extrusion processing of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feeds using various levels of corn-based distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Cereal Chemistry, 88(4), 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-08-10-0120
Banjac, V., Čolović, R., Pezo, L., Čolović, D., Gubić, J., & Đuragić, O. (2017). Conductometric method for determining water stability and nutrient leaching of extruded fish feed. Acta Periodica Technologica, 48, 15-24.https://doi.org/10.2298/APT1748015B
Caipang, C. M. A., Mabuhay-Omar, J., & Gonzales-Plasus, M. M. (2019). Plant and fruit waste products as phytogenic feed additives in aquaculture. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, AACL Bioflux, 12(1), 261-268.
Cheng, Z. J., & Hardy, R. W. (2004). Nutritional value of diets containing distiller's dried grain with solubles for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 15(3-4), 101-113. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v15n03_08
Chevanan, N., Rosentrater, K. A., & Muthukumarappan, K. (2007). Twin-screw extrusion processing of feed blends containing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), Cereal Chemistry, 84(5), 428-436. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-84-5-0428
Chevanan, N, Rosentrater, K. A., & Muthukumarappan, K. (2010). Effects of processing conditions on single screw extrusion of feed ingredients containing DDGS. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 3, 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-008-0065-y
Magalhães, R., (2013). Dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS): a potential protein source in feeds for aquaculture. (MSc Thesis), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 65 p., http://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/ 10216/67855/2/8968.pdf
FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization (2022). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022 - Towards Blue transformation. Rome. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en?details=cc0461en
Gatlin III D. M., Barrows F. T., Brown P., Dabrowski K., Gibson Gaylord T., Hardy R. W., Herman E., Hu G., Krogdal A., Nelson, R., Overturf, K., Rust M., Sealey W., Skonberg D., Souza E. J., Stone D., Wilson R., Wurtele E., 2007 Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products in aquafeeds: a review. Aquaculture Research 38:551-579. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01704.x
Hardy, R. W. (2010). Utilization of plant proteins in fish diets: effects of global demand and supplies of fishmeal. Aquaculture Research, 41, 770-776. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02349.x
Ighwela, K.A., Ahmad, A.B., & Abol-Munafi, A.B. (2013). Water stability and nutrient leaching of different levels of maltose formulated fish pellets. Global Vet. 10 (6), 638−342. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1409.5062
Kaliyan, N., & Morey, R. V. (2009). Factors affecting strength and durability of densified products. Biomass Bioenergy, 33, 337-359. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.21754
Kannadhason, S., Muthukumarppan, K, & Rosentrater, K. A. (2011). Effect of starch source and protein content on extruded aquaculture feed containing DDGS. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 4, 282-294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-008-0177-4
Kannadhason, S., Rosentrater, K. A., Muthukumarappan, K., & Brown, M. L. (2010). Twin screw extrusion of DDGS-based aquaculture feeds. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 41, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2009.00328.x
Kaur R. & Shah T. K., (2017). A review on role of plant waste products on fish growth, health and production. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5 (3),583-589.
Li, M. H, Robinson, E. H., Oberle, D. F., & Lucas, P. M. (2010). Effects of various corn distillers by-products on growth, feed efficiency, and body composition of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 16, 188-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00650.x
Lim, C., & Yildirim-Aksoy, M. (2008). Distillers dried grains with solubles as an alternative protein source in fish feeds. Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture, Cairo, Egypt, 67-82.
Shelby, R. A., Lim, C, Yildrim3Aksoy, M., & Klesius, P. H. (2008). Effect of distillers dried grains with solubles3incorporated diets on growth, immune function and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, 39, 1351-1353.
Sørensen, M., Morken, T., Kosanovic, M., & Øverland, M. (2011). Pea and wheat starch possess different processing characteristics and affect physical quality and viscosity of extruded feed for Atlantic salmon. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17, 326–336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2010.00767.x
Stone, D. A., Hardy, R. W., Barrows, F. T., & Cheng Z. J. (2005). Effects of extrusion on nutritional value of diets containing corn gluten meal and corn distiller’s dried grain for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 17, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v17n03_01
Wolska, J., Holst, O., Adlercreutz, P., & Jonkers, J. (2014). Standardized method for the Holmen pellet tester (NHP100) as a tool for evaluating the physical quality of fish feed. Aquaculture Research, 47(6), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12637
Published
2024/01/17
Section
Papers