Faktori koji utiču na izbor lekara opšte medicine među radno aktivnom populacijom u Srbiji
Ključne reči:
Lekari opšte medicine, apsentizam, zdravstvene nejednakosti, pristup primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti, Srbija
Sažetak
Ova studija istražuje kako apsentizam, socio-demografski i profesionalni faktori utiču na izbor lekara opšte medicine u Srbiji. Cilj studije je identifikacija faktora koji utiču na izbor lekara opšte medicine među zaposlenima u Srbiji, uzimajući u obzir slučajeve apsentizma. U istraživanju su analizirani podaci iz Nacionalnog istraživanja zdravlja Srbije 2019. godine, uključujući 4.652 ispitanika uzrasta od 18 do 65 godina, koristeći deskriptivnu statistiku i binarnu logističku regresiju. Ukupno 92,4% ispitanika, najviše zaposlenih u javnom sektoru (85,2%), izabralo je lekara opšte medicine, sa većom prevalencijom kod epizoda dugotrajnog apsentizma (92,8%). Na izbor lekara opšte medicine utiču socio-demografski i zdravstveni faktori. Zaposlenost kod poslodavca povećava šansu za izbor lekara opšte medicine (OR = 2,277), dok fizički radnici (OR = 0,757) i zaposleni srednjeg i siromašnog materijalnog statusa imaju manju šansu kod ispitanika bez apsentizma (srednji OR = 0,709, siromašni OR = 0,701). Zaposleni u Vojvodini sa apsentizmom imaju manju šansu za izbor lekara opšte medicine (OR = 0,111). Poslednja poseta lekaru opšte medicine je značajan prediktor kod obe grupe. Socio-demografski, faktori posla i zdravstvenog stanja značajno utiču na izbor lekara opšte medicine među zaposlenima u Srbiji, što ukazuje na značaj pristupačne primarne zdravstvene zaštite tokom perioda apsentizma.
Reference
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2. Liao R, Liu Y, Peng S, Feng XL. Factors affecting health care users’ first contact with primary health care facilities in north eastern China, 2008–2018. BMJ Global Health 2021; 6(2): e003907. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003907
3. Bjegovic-Mikanovic V, Vasic M, Vukovic D, Jankovic J, Jovic-Vranes A, Santric-Milicevic M, et al. Serbia: Health System Review. Health Syst Transit 2019; 21(3): 1–211. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002563
4. Zakon o zdravstvenoj zaštiti [Internet]. [cited 2024 May 21]. Available from: https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/zakon_o_zdravstvenoj_zastiti.html
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8. Antczak E, Miszczyńska KM. Causes of Sickness Absenteeism in Europe-Analysis from an Intercountry and Gender Perspective. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18(22): 11823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211823
9. Ubalde-Lopez M, Hernando-Rodriguez JC, Benavides FG, Serra L. Trajectories of sickness absence among salaried workers: evidence from the WORKss cohort in Catalonia (Spain), 2012-2014. BMJ Open 2019; 9(7): e029092. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029092
10. Lork K, Holmgren K, Hultqvist J. Does the Number of Reasons for Seeking Care and Self-Rated Health Predict Sick Leave during the Following 12 Months? A Prospective, Longitudinal Study in Swedish Primary Health Care. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022; 19(1): 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010354
11. Nordling P, Alexanderson K, Hensing G, Lytsy P. Factors associated with general practitioners’ contacts with sick-listed patients’ employers: A Swedish nationwide questionnaire study. Scand J Public Health 2023; 51(4): 602–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948211053141
12. Söderman M, Wennman-Larsen A, Hoving L, Alexanderson K, Friberg E. Interventions regarding physicians’ sickness certification practice - a systematic literature review with meta-analyses. Scand J Prim Health Care 2022; 40(1): 104–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/02813432.2022.2036420
13. Duchemin T, Bar-Hen A, Lounissi R, Dab W, Hocine MN. Hierarchizing Determinants of Sick Leave: Insights from a Survey on Health and Well-being at the Workplace. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61(8): e340–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001643
14. Nielsen MB, Indregard AMR, Øverland S. Workplace bullying and sickness absence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the research literature. Scand J Work Environ Health 2016; 42(5): 359–70. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3579
15. Marchildon GP, Brammli-Greenberg S, Dayan M, De Belvis AG, Gandré C, Isaksson D, et al. Achieving higher performing primary care through patient registration: A review of twelve high-income countries. Health Policy 2021; 125(12): 1507–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.09.001
16. Fernández-Pérez Á, Jiménez-Rubio D, Robone S. Freedom of choice and health services’ performance: Evidence from a national health system. Health Policy 2022; 126(12): 1283–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.11.001
17. Kozikowski A, Morton-Rias D, Mauldin S, Jeffery C, Kavanaugh K, Barnhill G. Choosing a Provider: What Factors Matter Most to Consumers and Patients? J Patient Exp 2022; 9: 23743735221074176. https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735221074175
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19. Bazyar M, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Bahmani M, Sadeghifar J, Momeni K, Shaabani Z. Preferences of people in choosing a family physician in rural areas: a qualitative inquiry from Iran. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2022; 23: e57. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423622000317
20. Al-Ateeq M. Factors that Influence Patients in Choosing Their Treating Physicians in the Private Sector in Saudi Arabia. American Journal of Public Health Research 2018; 6. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajphr-6-4-1
21. Dahlgren C, Dackehag M, Wändell P, Rehnberg C. Simply the best? The impact of quality on choice of primary healthcare provider in Sweden. Health Policy 2021; 125(11): 1448–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.09.009
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24. Empel G, Gravelle H, Santos R. Does quality affect choice of family physician? Evidence from patients changing general practice without changing address. Economic Modelling 2023; 126: 106395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2023.106395
25. Victoor A, Delnoij DMJ, Friele RD, Rademakers JJDJM. Determinants of patient choice of healthcare providers: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2012; 12: 272. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-12-272
26. Blomgren J, Jäppinen S, Perhoniemi R. Identifying user profiles of healthcare, social and employment services in a working-age population: A cluster analysis with linked individual-level register data from Finland. PLOS ONE 2023; 18(11): e0293622. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293622
27. Blomgren J, Virta LJ. Socioeconomic differences in use of public, occupational and private health care: A register-linkage study of a working-age population in Finland. PLoS One 2020; 15(4): e0231792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231792
28. Jovanovic D, Jankovic J, Mirilovic N. Socio-demographic inequalities in satisfaction with primary health care and utilization of chosen doctors’ services: a cross-sectional study. South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH). [cited 2024 May 22]; Available from: https://www.biejournals.de/index.php/seejph/article/view/3311
29. Janković J, Šiljak S, Marinković J, Kovač B, Janković S. Patterns of Health Care Utilization for Noncommunicable Diseases in a Transitional European Country: Results from the National Health Survey. Int J Health Serv 2019; 49(1): 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731418762717
30. Govender K, Girdwood S, Letswalo D, Long L, Meyer-Rath G, Miot J. Primary healthcare seeking behaviour of low-income patients across the public and private health sectors in South Africa. BMC Public Health 2021; 21(1): 1649. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11678-9
31. Žvinakis P, Kalibataitė R, Kalibatas V. Patients’ Shift from Public to Private Primary Health Care Providers in Lithuania: Analysis of the Main Reasons. Inquiry 2021; 58: 469580211060304. https://doi.org/10.1177/00469580211060304
32. Khatami F, Shariati M, Khedmat L, Bahmani M. Patients’ preferences in selecting family physician in primary health centers: a qualitative-quantitative approach. BMC Fam Pract 2020; 11; 21:107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01181-2